Chapter 7 Integrative Oncology Flashcards
The practice of health medicine that reaffirms the importance of the relationship between practitioner and patient, focuses on the whole person, is informed by evidence, and makes use of all appropriate therapeutic approaches, health care professionals and disciplines to achieve optimal health and healing
Integrative medicine
4 main categories of complementary therapies
mind and body medicine (meditation, deep-breathing exercise, hypnotherapy, guided imagery, yoga, tai chi, qi gong and other spiritual practices)
Manipulative and body-based practices (massage, spinal manipulation)
energy-based therapies (reiki, healing touch and qi gong)
Natural products therapies (dietary interventions and supplements)
4 main recommendations of the ACS for nutrition and physical activity
- achieve and maintain a healthy weight throughout life
- adopt a physically active lifestyle
- choose a healthy diet with an emphasis on plant foods
- if you drink alcoholic beverages, limit consumption
Mechanisms for how obesity increases the risk of cancer
Fat secretes cytokines that promote inflammation
Excess in body fat may impair immunity
Obesity leads to insulin resistance
Fat produces estrogen which is relevant in the increased risk of post-menopausal ER+ breast CA and endometrial CA
Associated with a poorer prognosis in a number of malignancies
Indicators of inflammation and need for anti-inflammatory diet
HgbA1c
hs CRP
Difference in organic vs nonorganic produce
high in phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids
AICR alcohol guidelines
2 for men
1 for women
per day
35% of currently prescribed oncology drugs are metabolized this enzyme
CYP3A4 isoform of the hepatic cytochrome p450 enzyme system
How does fish oil reduce inflammation
changes in membrane fluidity, cell signaling, and production of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, which may slow cancer progression
May increase apoptosis by suppressing NF-kappa B
Vitamin D MOA
hormone-like action that controls calcium, phosphorus, and bone metabolism
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with increased risk of which cancers
breast
prostate
colorectal
possibly others but data is inconclusive
Safe recommendations for vitamin D level
40-80ng/mL
Best source of vitamin D
ultraviolet light
also in eggs, fortified dairy, mushrooms, and fish
Production of vitamin is impaired by these factors
age, obesity, pigmentation
How much does 1000 IU dose of vitamin raise serum levels by?
10ng/mL
Benefits of curcumin (turmeric)
potent anti-inflammatory effects
antioxidant effects
antibiotic effects
inhibits tumor initiation, promotion, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis
acts as a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer for some tumors
Bioavailabity of curcumin
poor - stays in the GI tract and has local action on the mucosa
combined with black pepper (piperine) increases absorption
fat increases absorption
The major catechin in green tea
EGCG (epigallocatechin)
Green tea MOA against CA
pro-apoptotic effects
inhibition of NF-kappaB
antimetastatic and antioxidant effects
Green Tea has a protective effect against which tumors
colon prostate esophagus liver stomach lung breast pancreas skin
how do mushroom polysaccharides exert their antitumor action
activation of the hose immune response
An intact T-cell immune system is essential for the anittumor acitivty of what nutraceutical
medicinal mushrooms
Name 3 types of immune enhancing and anti-cancer edible mushrooms
grifola frondosa (maitake) lentinus edodoes (shiitake) flammulina velutipes (enokitake)
Name 2 medicinal mushrooms takes as an infusion or capsule
ganoderma lucidum (reishi) trametes or coriolus versicolor (turkey tail)
