Chapter 7: Immigration & Urbanization

Question 1

European immigration

Answer 1

• immigrants from Europe arrived at Ellis Island on East Coast in New York
• many people heard that US industrial jobs were plentiful, which was good if they didn’t speak English
? came because of discrimination, persecution, poverty, famine, etc

Question 2

Chinese/Japanese immigration

Answer 2

• Asian immigrants arrived at Angel Island on West Coast
• lived in ethnic enclaves which provided a sense of security & community
? resulted in Chinese Exclusion Act because Natives feared that immigrants would take over jobs

Question 3

Ellis Island

Answer 3

• on East Coast in New York Harbor where European immigrants entered
• went through physical exam & questioning relatively quickly
? allowed about 17 million immigrants enter

Question 4

Angel Island

Answer 4

• on West Coast in San Francisco where Asian immigrants entered
• immigrants were held waiting for months & process involved harsh interrogation & filthy waiting conditions
? only let in 50,000 Chinese immigrants, compared to the millions let in at Ellis Island

Question 5

Nativism

Answer 5

• the favoritism towards native-born Americans because citizens were scared immigrants would have a negative effect on the US
• believed some immigrants from a few countries were good, while most other immigrants from other places were bad because they would change the US
? gave rise to anti-immigrant groups & demands or immigrant restrictions

Question 6

Urbanization

Answer 6

• growth in cities in the Northeast & Midwest in late 1800’s
• immigrants wanted to live in cities because it was cheap & convenient
? increased cities’ populations enormously

Question 7

Americanization

Answer 7

• society’s attempt to teach the “American life” to incoming immigrants
• many immigrants didn’t want to give up their cultures & found support with ethnic enclaves
? tried to change immigrants because natives feared they would change the US

Question 8

Tenements

Answer 8

• tenements were in poor parts of city, run down, & unsanitary
• little to no light & ventilation resulted in fires, disease, & death
? many immigrants were attracted to the city because it was affordable, which made it overcrowded

Question 9

Social Gospel

Answer 9

• movement that preached salvation through service to the poor
• started settlement houses run by women to help people in need
? poverty was a major problem & this encouraged many to help people in need

Question 10

Settlement houses

Answer 10

• community centers that provided assistance to the poor
• run by middle-class, educated women who lived there to experience the problems first-hand
? helped the lower class