chapter 7: human nutrition

Question 1

3 functions of carbs

Answer 1

1. energy
2. cell division
3. active transport

Question 2

3 functions of lipids

Answer 2

1. energy
2. insulation
3. protection for organs
4. make cell membranes

Question 3

3 functions of proteins

Answer 3

1. build new cells
2. produce haemoglobin
3. produce antibodies

Question 4

what causes scurvy

Answer 4

lack of vitamin c

Question 5

what are the consequences of scurvy

Answer 5

1. pain in joint and muscles
2. bleeding from gums and other places

Question 6

what causes rickets

Answer 6

lack of vitamin d

Question 7

what is the consequence of rickets

Answer 7

soft and deformed bones

Question 8

what causes anaemia

Answer 8

lack of iron

Question 9

what are the consequences of anaemia

Answer 9

1. not enough red blood cells
2. not enough oxygen to tissues

Question 10

what is the importance of fibre

Answer 10

it helps to push food along the alimentary canal

Question 11

what is the importance of water

Answer 11

acts as a solvent for waste products

Question 12

what is peristalsis

Answer 12

muscular contractions of the circular and longitudinal muscles of the intestinal wall to push food down the oesophagus

Question 13

which is the shorter section and the longer section of the small intestine

Answer 13

shortest: duodenum
longest: ileum

Question 14

which is the shorter section and the longer section of the large intestine

Answer 14

shortest: rectum
longest: colon

Question 15

where is the enzyme amylase secreted

Answer 15

1. salivary glands in the mouth
2. pancreas

Question 16

is amylase alkaline or acidic

Answer 16

alkaline

Question 17

where is the enzyme maltase secreted

Answer 17

intestinal walls

Question 18

where does maltase act

Answer 18

ileum

Question 19

where is pepsin secreted

Answer 19

gastric juice

Question 20

where does pepsin act

Answer 20

stomach

Question 21

is maltase acidic or alkaline

Answer 21

alkalin

Question 22

is pepsin acidic or alkaline

Answer 22

acidic

Question 23

where is trypsin secreted

Answer 23

pancreas

Question 24

is trypsin acidic or alkaline

Answer 24

alkalin

Question 25

where is lipase secreted

Answer 25

pancreas

Question 26

is lipase acidic or alkaline

Answer 26

alkaline

Question 27

what goes through the hepatic portal vein in the villi

Answer 27

non-fat soluble substances

Question 28

where do substances in the hepatic portal vein go to

Answer 28

liver

Question 29

what goes through the lacteal in the villi

Answer 29

fat soluble substances

Question 30

where do substances in the lacteal go to

Answer 30

lymph duct that empties into blood

Question 31

what is deamination

Answer 31

process of converting excess amino acids into urea and carbs by the liver