Chapter 7. Foundational Human Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

Axial Skeleton

Answer 1

Form Axis of body. Anything around that axis can move.

Question 2

Definition of Appendicular

Answer 2

To hang from. Upper limbs, and lower limbs.

Question 3

What does the Axial Skeleton consist of?

Answer 3

Skull, Hyoid bone, vertebral Column, rib cage, & auditory ossicles.

Question 4

What is the vertebral column?

Answer 4

Individual vertebrae stacked on top one another.

Question 5

Functions of the vertebral column

Answer 5

Supports weight of head & trunk
protects spinal cord
allows spinal nerves to exit spinal cord.
provides site for muscle attachment.
movement of head and trunk.

Question 6

How many bones does an adult have?

Answer 6

26 bones

Question 7

The cervical (Neck) How many vertebrae does it have?

Answer 7

7 vertebrae

Question 8

How many vertebrae’s does the Thoracic Vertebrae have?

Answer 8

12 vertebrae

Question 9

How many vertebrae does the lumbar have?

Answer 9

5 vertebrae

Question 10

How many vertebrae does the sacrum have?

Answer 10

4-5 fused vertabrae

Question 11

How many vertebrae does the coccyx have?

Answer 11

4-5 fused vertebrae

Question 12

What shape does the vertebral column have for adults and babies?

Answer 12

For adults its shaped like a “S”

For babies its shaped like a “C”

Question 13

Four major curvatures in adults?

Answer 13

Cervical-anterior
Thoracic- Postier
Sacral & Cocygeal- postier

Question 14

Lordosis (Abnormal curvatures)

Answer 14

increased curvatures of lumbar vertabrae

Question 15

Kyphosis aka “Huntchback” (abnormal curatures)

Answer 15

Increased curvature of the thoracic vertebrae

Question 16

Scoliosis (abnormal curvatures)

Answer 16

Lateral curvatures, often accompanied w/ kyphosis

Question 17

Cervical vertebrae consist of?

Answer 17

Bifid spinous process
transverse foramen (articulates w/)
smallest vertebrae

Question 18

Thoracic vertebrae consist of?

Answer 18

articulates w/ vertebrae

largest vertabrae

Question 19

Vertebral arch articulates w/?

Answer 19

pedicle lamina

Question 20

What is spinal bifida?

Answer 20

Failure for vertebral arch to form?

Question 21

Intervertebral disc

Answer 21

disks of fibro cartilage

located btwn adjacent vertabrae provides support.

Question 22

The annulus fibrosus is

Answer 22

external

Question 23

Nucleus pulposus

Answer 23

internal/gelatinous becomes compressed w/ age & height decreases.

Question 24

ribe cage

Answer 24

12 ribs
attach w/ sternum
1-7 true ribs articulates w/ thoracic vertebrae.
8-12 false ribs do not attach w/ sternum
11&12 are floating ribs

Question 25

What does the Gridles consist of?

Answer 25

- pectoral/shoulder | - pelvic

Question 26

What does the upper arm consist of?

Answer 26

Arm forearm wrist hand

Question 27

What does the lower thigh consist of?

Answer 27

Thigh leg foot

Question 28

Arm (humorous)

Answer 28

``` head neck (anatomic and surgical) tubercles (greater and lesser) deltoid tuberosity capitulum rounded (ariculates w/ radius) Trochlea (spool shaped articulates w/ ulna ```