CH. 6 Histology and Physiology of Bones Flashcards
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
Support-weight of body. Cartilage is strong & flexible.
Ligaments- attach and hold bones together.
Protection-protects organs
Movement- produced between movement bones. Joints allow allow movement between bones.
Storage- Stores Calcium/Phosphate then releases as needed.
Blood cell production- Red blood marrow that gives blood rise to blood cells and platelets.
What are the three types of cartilage?
Hyaline-Most intimatley associated w/ bone. Specialized cells produce collagen.
Fibrocartilage- Intervatable disc.
Elastic- external ear; flexible
What is the most important type of Cartilage?
Hyaline
What are Chonodroblasts?
Form matrix surrounding themselves bone
What Chondrocytes?
When matrix surrounds chondroblats it becomes a chondrocyte.
What is articular cartilage?
cover bones of joints.
What are the two types of growth?
Appositional- Chondroblats add new cartilage
Interstitial- Chrondrocytes grow w/n tissue
What percent is made of organic material, and what percent is made of inorganic material?
35% percent is made of organic material, and 65% percent is made of inorganic material of bones.
If mineral is removed then bones become to?
Bendable
If collagen is removed the bones become to?
Brittle
Osteogenesis
imperfecta aka the brittle bone disorder. Caused by a gene mutation that leads to less collagen or normal collagen is abnormal. No cure.
What are Osteoblats?
They build bones. (They have extensive ER, Glogi appartus, DNA)
What is the formation of bones called?
Ossification or Osteogenesis
What is are Osteocytes?
Mature bone cells after being surrounded surrounded by bone matrix.
What is a Lacuna/e?
Spaces occupied by the osteocyte cell.
What is a Canaliculi?
Canals occupied by osteocyte cell.
What are Osteoclats?
Breakdown of bone. Helps reabsorb.
a) Hydrogen ions are pumped across the memebrane, acid forms, and eats away bone.
b) Release enzymes that digest bone.
What is Spongy Bone?
It has less matrix. Its located in the interior of bones of skull, vertebrae, ends of long bones.
What is Trabecular?
Interconnecting rods or plats of bone. Spaces filled with marrow and blood vessels.
What is a Long Bone?
Grow for a long period.
What is the Diaphysis?
Shaft of a long end of bone.
What is the Epiphysis?
Growth of cartilage between diaphysis and end of bone.
What is the Epiphysis Plate?
Growth (Hyaline cartilage)
What is the Epiphyseal line?
Bone stop growing.
