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CPT > Chapter 7 Flexibility Training Concepts > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flexibility Training Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Flexibility

A
  1. ability to move a joint through its full ROM

2. normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allows the full ROM

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2
Q

Extensibility

A

capability to be elongated or stretched

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3
Q

ROM

A

Range of Motion

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4
Q

Dynamic ROM

A

The optimal control of movement maintained throughout entire ROM

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5
Q

What two components work together in Dynamic ROM?

A

flexibility and nervous system

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6
Q

Neuromuscular Efficiency

A

Neuromuscular system allowing the agonists, antagonists and stabilizers to work synergistically to produce, reduce and stabilize

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7
Q

Concentric Contractions

A

contractions permitting muscles to shorten

i.e. flexion at elbow joint (Bicep curl)

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8
Q

Eccentric Contractions.

A

contractions that occur when muscle lengthens (negatives)

i.e. coming down from a pull up

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9
Q

Isometric Contractions.

A

contractions that occur when muscle is stable and not shortening or lengthening (nonmoving)

i.e. holding pull up position

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10
Q

Force Couples

A

agonists, antagonists and synergists muscles working in tandem to perform a movement

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11
Q

How can a client achieve optimal Neuromuscular Efficiency

A

proper Flexibility in all 3 planes of motion

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12
Q

3 planes of motion

A
  • Sagittal
  • Coronal
  • Transverse
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13
Q

Flexibility requires what?

A

Extensibility

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14
Q

Extensibility requires what?

A

Dynamic ROM

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15
Q

Dynamic ROM requires what?

A

Neuromuscular Efficiency

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16
Q

Order of requirements

A
  1. Neuromuscular Efficiency
  2. Dynamic ROM
  3. Extensibility
  4. Flexibility
  Neuromuscular Efficiency
                      v
            Dynamic ROM
                      v
             Extensibility
                      v
               Flexibility
17
Q

HMS

A
  1. Human Movement System

2. Kinetic Chain

18
Q

What is the Human Movement System (HMS) comprised of?

A
  • Muscular System
  • Skeletal System
  • Nervous System
19
Q

What’s the ultimate goal of the HMS?

A

maintain homeostasis

20
Q

What results if one or more components of the HMS isn’t functioning properly?

A

patterns of dysfunction develop

21
Q

Postural Distortion Patterns

A

patterns of muscular imbalance

22
Q

Result of Postural Distortion Patterns?

A

decreased Neuromuscular Efficiency

23
Q

Postural Distortion Pattern steps

A
  1. Muscle Imbalances
  2. Poor Posture
  3. Improper Movement
  4. Injury
24
Q

Relative Flexibility

Altered Movement Patterns

A

HMS seeks the path of least resistance during function

25
Q

Example of Relative Flexibility

A

widened stance and externally rotated stance during squat

26
Q

Main cause of Relative Flexibility

A

poor Flexibility

27
Q

Muscle Imbalances

A

alterations in the lengths of muscles surrounding a given joint

28
Q

Factors associated with Muscle Imbalances

A
  1. overactive muscle (forcing compensation to occur)

2. underactive muscle (allowing for compensation to occur)

29
Q

Three main causes for Muscle Imbalance

A
  1. Altered Reciprocal Inhibition
  2. Synergistic Dominance
  3. Arthrokinetic Dysfunction
30
Q

Reciprocal Inhibition

A

simultaneous contraction of Agonists and relaxation of Antagonist

31
Q

Altered Reciprocal Inhibiton

A

muscle inhibition caused by tight agonist that inhibits its functional antagonists

32
Q

Results of Altered Reciprocal Inhibition

A
  1. altered force-couple relationships
  2. Synergistic Dominance
  3. Arthrokinetic Dysfunction
  4. faulty movement patterns
  5. poor Neuromuscular control
33
Q

Synergistic Dominance

A

when the synergist takes over the weak or inhibited agonists

34
Q

Results of Synergistic Dominance

A
  1. faulty movement
  2. Arthrokinetic Dysfunction
  3. Injury
35
Q

Arthrokinetic

A

motion of the joints

36
Q

Arthrokinetic Dysfunction

A

altered forces at the joint that result from abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint.

(Altered Joint Motion)

37
Q

Causes of Arthrokinetic Dysfunction

A
  1. Altered Length-Tension relationships (altered muscle lengths)
  2. Altered Force-Couple reltationships (altered muscle activation)
38
Q

Results of Arthrokinetic Dysfunction

A
  1. pain

2. further altered muscle recruitment and joint mechanics

CPT (2 decks)

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