Chapter 7 Fire Hose Nozzles and Flow Rates Flashcards
Solid stream nozzles are designed to produce a stream as ___ as possible with little shower or spray.
compact
What characteristic does a solid stream nozzle have that other streams may not?
Superior reach
Solid stream nozzles may be used on:
A. handlines.
B. portable master streams.
C. elevated master streams.
D. all of the above.*
Solid stream nozzles are designed so that the shape of the water in the nozzle is gradually reduced until it reaches a point a short distance from the outlet; at this point, the nozzles becomes a cylindrical bore whose length is:
one to one and one-half times its diameter.
Which of the following can significantly alter stream shape and performance?
A. The length of the nozzle
B. The position of the nozzle
C. The diameter of the hoseline
D. Alteration or damage to the nozzle*
The size of the discharge opening and ___ determine the flow and stream reach.
nozzle pressure
Solid stream nozzles should be operated at ___ psi (kPa) on handlines.
50 psi (350 kPa)
Solid stream nozzles should be operated at ___ psi (kPa) on master stream devices.
80 psi (560 kPa)
Fog streams may be produced by deflection at the periphery, by impinging jets of water, or by:
a combination of deflection and impingement.
Periphery-deflected streams are produced by deflecting water from the periphery of:
an inside circular stem in a periphery-deflected fog nozzle.
In a periphery-deflected fog stream nozzle, the shape of the stream is determined by the relative position of the deflecting stem and ___ of the nozzle.
the exterior barrel of a fog nozzle.
What type of fog nozzle drives several jets of water together at a set angle to break the water into a fog stream of finely divided particles?
Impinging stream
Why are fog patterns easier to handle than solid or straight stream patterns?
The reaction forces largely counterbalance each other.
Which types of fog nozzle are designed to flow a specific amount of water at a specific nozzle dischage pressure on all stream patterns?
Constant flow nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle have a number of constant flow settings, enabling the firefighter to select a flow rate that best suits the existing conditions?
Manually adjustable nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle are the most common variable flow nozzles in use today?
Automatic nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle develop a fog stream with considerable forward velocity but deliver a relatively low volume of water?
High-pressure nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle maintain approximately the same nozzle pressure and pattern even if the gallonage supplied to the nozzle changes?
Automatic nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle is NOT recommended for structural fire fighting?
High-pressure nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle discharge the same volume of water regardless of the pattern setting?
Constant flow nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle supply the selected flow at the rated nozzle discharge pressure?
Manually adjustable nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle serve as a pressure regulator for the pumper as lines are added or shut down, ensuring that all available water may be used continuously?
Automatic nozzles
Which types of fog nozzle are best suited for fighting wildland fires?
Manually adjustable nozzles
Handline nozzles are designed to be placed on ___ that can be easily maneuvered by firefighters.
attack lines
Which of the following is NOT a type of handline nozzle?
Master
Handline nozzles can flow a maximum of ___ gpm (L/min) safely.
350 gpm (1 400 L/min)
What is the definition of a master stream?
Any fire stream that is too large to be controlled without mechanical aid
Master stream nozzles:
are either solid or fog streams.
Master stream nozzles area usually operated at ___ psi (kPa) for smoothbore and ___ psi (kPa) for fog.
80 psi (560 kPa); 100 psi (700 kPa)
Master stream nozzles flow:
350 gpm (1 400 L/min) or greater.
Which types of master stream nozzle are often incorrectly referred to as deluge sets?
Monitors
Which types of master stream nozzle have preplumbed waterways instead of hose?
Elevated master streams
Which types of master stream nozzle have a siamese connection at the supply end?
Deluge sets
Which types of master stream nozzle are mounted on a fire apparatus deck and is connected directly to the pump by permanent piping?
Turret pipes
Which types of master stream nozzle may be used with elevating platforms?
Elevated master streams
What components make up a deluge set?
A short length of large diameter hose with a large nozzle or large playpipe supported at the discharge end by a tripod
What are turret pipe master stream devices also called?
Deck guns or deck pipes
Which of the following is NOT a type of monitor?
Ladder pipe
What type of master stream device cannot change the direction or angle of the stream while it is discharging water?
Deluge set
Which of the following statements about elevating platform master streams is FALSE?
A. They are basically similar to those with preplumbed aerial ladders.
B. They are generally attached to the pump with 2½-inch (65 mm) fire hoselines.*
C. Some are equipped with two master streams on one platform, giving flexibility during large-scale fire operations.
D. They are different from preplumbed aerial ladders in that they are located on the aerial platform and can be more easily maneuvered by firefighters at the tip of the aerial device.
Ladder pipes can move:
vertically.
Which types of special purpose nozzle are also called distributors?
Cellar nozzles
Which type of special purpose nozzle is decreasing in use?
Water curtain nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle is commonly used in aircraft fire fighting and to apply water to areas what are otherwise inaccessible to water streams?
Piercing nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle produces a fan-shaped stream intended to protect combustible materials from the heat of an adjacent fire?
Water curtain nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle is designed to be placed on the end of a booster hose?
Chimney nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle can be lowered through holes cut in the floor or ceiling?
Cellar nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle may be used to deliver AFFF to a confined area?
Piercing nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle produces a very fine, misty fog cone?
Chimney nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle may be used to protect firefighters from heat, but must cover a wide area and be reasonably heavy to be effective?
Water curtain nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle has a pointed end and a driving end?
Piercing nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle may or may not be equipped with shutoffs?
Cellar nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle is only effective in absorbing convected heat from a fire?
Water curtain nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle generally produces only 1.5 to 3 gpm (6 L/min to 12 L/min) at a nozzle pressure of 100 psi (700 kPa)?
Chimney nozzle
Which type of special purpose nozzle is generally a 3- to 6-foot (1 m to 2 m) hollow steel rod 1½-inches (38 mm) in diameter?
Piercing nozzle
Nozzle reaction is:
the force pushing back on firefighters as water is discharged from a nozzle at a given pressure.
Nozzle reaction illustrates ___: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Nozzle reaction forces firefighters to ___ the amount of nozzle pressure that can be supplied to an attack line.
limit
