Chapter 7- Final Exam

Question 1

a person must have known what he or she was doing during the criminal act and know that it was wrong under the law

• voluntary act- actus reas
• intentionally with a guilty state of mind- mens rea

Answer 1

criminal liability

Question 2

• an imprecise, social, clinical and legal label for a spectrum of law- and norm violating behavior
• an individual who commits an act against the criminal code and who adjudicated delinquent b an appropriate court
• inappropriate youthful behavior
• not necessarily a crime

Answer 2

juvenile delinquency

Question 3

diagnostic designation used to represent a group of behaviors characterized by habitual misbehavior, such as stealing, setting fires, running away from home, skipping school, destroying property, fighting, being cruel to animals and people and frequently telling lies

Answer 3

conduct disorder

Question 4

involves actions actions that are directly harmful to the well being of others

Answer 4

antisocial disorder

Question 5

What are the 5 categories of juvenile offenders

Answer 5

1. unlawful acts against persons
2. unlawful acts against property
3. drug offenses
4. offenses against public order
5. status offense

Question 6

• says there is some deviation in the way that an adolescent develops which results in some type of antisocial behavior
• indicated that delinquency could be best understood if we view it as progressing along at least two developmental paths

Answer 6

Moffit Developmental Theory

Question 7

offenders continue their antisocial ways across all kinds of conditions and situations- exhibit neurological problems during their childhood and some problems aren’t apparent until adulthood

Answer 7

life course persistent offenders

Question 8

• offenders start offending during their adolescent years and stop offending somewhere around 18
• estimates the majority of adolescents are involved in some form of antisocial behavior during their teens but grow out of it in adulthood

Answer 8

adolescent limited offenders

Question 9

explains risk taking during adolescence, impulsivity, peer approval, brain development

Answer 9

Dual Systems Model of Adolescent Risk Taking

Question 10

Why does risk taking behavior increase between childhood and adolescence?

Answer 10

because of developmental changes in regions of the brain called the socio-emotional system which lead to reward-seeking and stimulation-seeking activity during adolescence

Question 11

Why does risk decline between adolescence and adulthood?

Answer 11

because the brain changes in the cognitive control system region of the brain which improve the persons capacity for self regulation

Question 12

What are the 4 prominent features of serious persistent offenders?

Answer 12

Hyperactive-impulsive-attention problems
conduct problems
deficient cognitive ability
poor interpersonal or social skills

Question 13

leading psychological diagnosis for U.S. children

-3 central behaviors: excessive motor activity, impulsivity, inattention, oppositional defiant disorder

Answer 13

Hyperactive-impulsive

Question 14

repetetive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates rights of others, like ADHD but refers to behaviors they could be arrested for if they were adults

• childhood onset
• adolescent onset

Answer 14

conduct disorder

Question 15

intelligence
-emotional intelligence
-hostile attribution bias- correlated with crime
language acquisition
-self regulation
executive functions
-problem solving

Answer 15

cognitive ability and crime

Question 16

not dealing with authority well
peer rejection is strong predictor of later
persistent offending
begins early
aggression

Answer 16

interpersonal skills and peer rejection

Question 17

What are the biological factors and antisocial behavior?

Answer 17

temperment

• biological bias
• exists at birth and continues
• influenced by psychosocial environment

Question 18

What are the social developmental influences and antisocial behavior?

Answer 18

physical abuse, aggressive peers, poverty, unsupervised time

Question 19

-demonstrates wide range of persistent antisocial behavior
-impulsive, dominant, manipulative
-risk taking and antisocial lifestyle
target diverse victims over time

Answer 19

criminal psychopath

Question 20

antisocial is…

Answer 20

broad

Question 21

psychopathy is…

Answer 21

narrow

Question 22

psycho refers to…

Answer 22

factors within individual people

Question 23

socio refers to…

Answer 23

ways they relate to other people

Question 24

What does PCL-R stand for?

Answer 24

Psychotherapy Check List Revised

Question 25

What does PCL-SV stand for?

Answer 25

Psychopathy Check List Screening Version

Question 26

What does PCL-YV stand for?

Answer 26

Psychopathy Check List Youth Version

Question 27

What are Hervey Cleckley’s 10 Cardinal behavior features?

Answer 27

1. selfishness
2. inability to love or give genuine affection to others
3. frequent deceitfulness or lying
4. lack of guilt
5. callousness or a look
6. low anxiety proneness
7. poor judgement and failure to learn
8. superficial charm
9. failure to follow any life plan
10. cycles of unreliability

Question 28

controversial

• developmental differences
• labeling
• research

Answer 28

juvenile psychopathy

Question 29

group of personality characterstics believed to be associated with psychopathy such as self centeredness and lack of empathy

Answer 29

callous-unemotional traits