Chapter 7- Final Exam Flashcards
a person must have known what he or she was doing during the criminal act and know that it was wrong under the law
- voluntary act- actus reas
- intentionally with a guilty state of mind- mens rea
criminal liability
- an imprecise, social, clinical and legal label for a spectrum of law- and norm violating behavior
- an individual who commits an act against the criminal code and who adjudicated delinquent b an appropriate court
- inappropriate youthful behavior
- not necessarily a crime
juvenile delinquency
diagnostic designation used to represent a group of behaviors characterized by habitual misbehavior, such as stealing, setting fires, running away from home, skipping school, destroying property, fighting, being cruel to animals and people and frequently telling lies
conduct disorder
involves actions actions that are directly harmful to the well being of others
antisocial disorder
What are the 5 categories of juvenile offenders
- unlawful acts against persons
- unlawful acts against property
- drug offenses
- offenses against public order
- status offense
- says there is some deviation in the way that an adolescent develops which results in some type of antisocial behavior
- indicated that delinquency could be best understood if we view it as progressing along at least two developmental paths
Moffit Developmental Theory
offenders continue their antisocial ways across all kinds of conditions and situations- exhibit neurological problems during their childhood and some problems aren’t apparent until adulthood
life course persistent offenders
- offenders start offending during their adolescent years and stop offending somewhere around 18
- estimates the majority of adolescents are involved in some form of antisocial behavior during their teens but grow out of it in adulthood
adolescent limited offenders
explains risk taking during adolescence, impulsivity, peer approval, brain development
Dual Systems Model of Adolescent Risk Taking
Why does risk taking behavior increase between childhood and adolescence?
because of developmental changes in regions of the brain called the socio-emotional system which lead to reward-seeking and stimulation-seeking activity during adolescence
Why does risk decline between adolescence and adulthood?
because the brain changes in the cognitive control system region of the brain which improve the persons capacity for self regulation
What are the 4 prominent features of serious persistent offenders?
Hyperactive-impulsive-attention problems
conduct problems
deficient cognitive ability
poor interpersonal or social skills
leading psychological diagnosis for U.S. children
-3 central behaviors: excessive motor activity, impulsivity, inattention, oppositional defiant disorder
Hyperactive-impulsive
repetetive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates rights of others, like ADHD but refers to behaviors they could be arrested for if they were adults
- childhood onset
- adolescent onset
conduct disorder
intelligence -emotional intelligence -hostile attribution bias- correlated with crime language acquisition -self regulation executive functions -problem solving
cognitive ability and crime
not dealing with authority well peer rejection is strong predictor of later persistent offending begins early aggression
interpersonal skills and peer rejection
What are the biological factors and antisocial behavior?
temperment
- biological bias
- exists at birth and continues
- influenced by psychosocial environment
What are the social developmental influences and antisocial behavior?
physical abuse, aggressive peers, poverty, unsupervised time
-demonstrates wide range of persistent antisocial behavior
-impulsive, dominant, manipulative
-risk taking and antisocial lifestyle
target diverse victims over time
criminal psychopath
antisocial is…
broad
psychopathy is…
narrow
psycho refers to…
factors within individual people
socio refers to…
ways they relate to other people
What does PCL-R stand for?
Psychotherapy Check List Revised
What does PCL-SV stand for?
Psychopathy Check List Screening Version
What does PCL-YV stand for?
Psychopathy Check List Youth Version
What are Hervey Cleckley’s 10 Cardinal behavior features?
- selfishness
- inability to love or give genuine affection to others
- frequent deceitfulness or lying
- lack of guilt
- callousness or a look
- low anxiety proneness
- poor judgement and failure to learn
- superficial charm
- failure to follow any life plan
- cycles of unreliability
controversial
- developmental differences
- labeling
- research
juvenile psychopathy
group of personality characterstics believed to be associated with psychopathy such as self centeredness and lack of empathy
callous-unemotional traits
