Chapter 7 Definitions

Question 1

What is a genetic advantage that improves an organism’s chance of survival, usually in a changing environment?

Answer 1

Selective Advantage

Question 2

What describes a species that has completely disappeared from Earth?

Answer 2

Extinct

Question 3

What is a structure, behaviour, or psychological process that helps an organism survive and reproduce in a particular environment?

Answer 3

Adaption

Question 4

What is a structural adaption in which a harmless species resembles a harmful species in coloration or structure?

Answer 4

Mimicry

Question 5

What is the differences between individuals, which may be structural, functional, or physiological?

Answer 5

Variation

Question 6

What is a permanent change in the genetic material of an organism; the only source of new genetic variation?

Answer 6

Mutation

Question 7

What is the process by which characteristics of a population change over many generations as organisms with heritable traits survive and reproduce, passing their traits to offspring?

Answer 7

Natural selection

Question 8

What are environmental conditions that select for certain characteristics of individuals and select against other characteristics?

Answer 8

Selective pressures

Question 9

What is the relative contribution an individual makes to the next generation by reproducing offspring that will survive long enough to reproduce?

Answer 9

Fitness

Question 10

What is the selective pressure that is exerted by humans on populations in order to improve or modify particular dearie or traits?

Answer 10

Artificial selection

Question 11

What is the use of technology and organisms to produce useful products?

Answer 11

Biotechnology

Question 12

What is the extensive plantings of the same varieties of a species over large expanses of land

Answer 12

Monoculture