Chapter 7 - Data Visualization with Reports and Dashboards Flashcards
What are first two steps of identifying the business requirements of reporting?
WHO - Identify the target audience
HOW - Identify how the audience will use the data
After the first two steps of identifying the business requirements of reporting (WHO/HOW), what are the next 2?
VISUALIZATION - Identify type of visualization (Static or Dynamic)
SOURCES - Identify Data Sources
Identifing how people will ACCESS the report (Digitally or Physically) is the last step in identifying what? (Report distribution)
Business Requirements of Reporting
The step of identifying how people will access the report, what must you be mindful of?
The sensitivity of the data and thus the access restrictions that will need to apply
Identifying timeliness (age) needs of data
Identifying report parameters (data range limits)
Understanding limitations of data (do you have what’s asked for?)
Form part of which step in understanding the business requirements of reporting?
Step 2 - HOW the audience will use the data
You’ve identified data sources for a visualization but have found that the range doesn’t quite meet the needs of the CFO, what should you do?
Work with the CFO to find a way forward that will still get her what she wants.
They let you define data range limits for the data elements in your report.
Report Parameters
If data analyst Dallas let’s people know a schedule of when a report is published and publishes a report to a known location, what type of report publishing approach is this called?
Pull approach
Describe the push approach of report publication?
when the report is automatically sent to people as it becomes available.
Crystal has finished developing her report but the report itself is too big to email. What approach could she take to get this to the people that need it? Choose the best answer
a: print and mail it
b: use a blended approach
Use a blended approach
when pushing is too big for email, move to storing the report centrally
Which of the five C’s of report and dashboard design supports the goal of delivering the pertinent information quickly.
Control
(where to focus attention)
What are the five C’s of design principles?
Control
Correctness
Clarity
Consistency
Concentration
Sue-Anne is designing a dashboard and she’s making sure that text is clear and easily readable. which of the 5 C’s of design is she using?
Clarity
Using visuals and ensuring only the NECESSARY information is shown on a dashboard conforms with which of the 5 design C’s?
Concentration
The cover page of a report should include what 3 things?
1) A concise title
2) Insight from the report itself or TOC
3) Instructions how to use
Which part of a report involves beginning at the end, summarizing crucial observations and insights?
The executive summary
Under which circumstance would having a monochromatic design element be appropriate?
If having to print physical copies of reports
If you have the freedom to work with more than one colour for a report, what kind of palette is recommended?
A complimentary palette
a pallette with contrasting colours
What does parallel construction relate to and what are it’s rules?
It relates to bullet pointed information.
Bullet points should follow the same form, style and length
Bullet points should follow the same form, style and LENGTH
Parellel Construction
Times New Roman, Garamond and Courier are examples of what kind of fonts?
Serif fonts
When determining font sizes, which text should you start with?
Body text
Body text font size is usually between what sizes?
12-14
What design elements are critical to consider when printing reports?
Font size (and colour)
If you’re working for a corporation and creating visualizations/reports, what must you be mindful of in regards to the style and formatting?
Corporate reporting standards or Style Guides.
What guide defines the use of branding elements, font selections, colour codes and watermarks etc? What is it’s purpose
Style guides.
Their purpose is to enforce structure and consistency of reports throughout the company.
Their purpose is to enforce structure and consistency of reports throughout the company.
Style Guides
How would you establish more trust in your visualizations?
Implement documentation elements.
version #, reference data sources and reference dates
What 4 document elements should you update when distributing a report as part of good change management?
1) Publish date
2) Version number
3) Data Sources
4) Refresh date
It’s considered good practice to move the details behind reports or calculations to another section of the report, which would this be?
The Appendix
You’re developing a dashboard for senior leaders. You should spend sufficient time identifying what things that are crucial for them to know?
KPI’s
when creating a dashboard, use qualitative data to create ________
use quantitative data to create __________
Dimensions
Measures
At what stage should you identify the dimensions people want to use for segmenting data?
When gathering business requirements
What are the 3 key stakeholders you need to consult in order to understand what KPI metrics you need to include on the dashboard?
C-suite
Board of Directors
Lower Management
If your dashboard is public facing, what might you need to include?
SLA performance
After identifying the audience and data sources for a dashboard, what 3 key development processes do you employ when developing the dashboard itself?
1) Wireframes
2) Mockups
3) Data Storying
When should you obtain customer feedback sessions in the development process?
During Mockups
2 delivery requirements for dashboards
begin with S
Subscription Capability
Scheduled Delivery
3 Interactivity requirements for dashboards
Drill Down
Roll-up
Filtering
Besides the delivery and interactivity considerations of dashboards, sound dashboard design should allow the user to do what?
Saving the search criteria
What do you need to have in place if you’re allowing users to subscribe to a dashboard?
An opt-out feature
Understanding what users want to see will dictate data ???? planning, which in turn will determine the level of dashboard ?????
Understanding what users want to see will dictate data STORY planning, which in turn will determine the level of dashboard INTERACTIVITY
When the design stage of the dashboard is done, you should do what before proceeding with building it?
Obtain final approval
What stages of dashboarding should you get voice of the customer feedback?
Both at the design stage mock ups and at the development stage (build and test)
the design stage is titled the development stage in the book!
During the build/development stage of dashboarding regarding security, what must you define?
Role definitions and Access permissions
After deploying the dashboard into production, what ongoing activity must you as the dashboard owner continue doing?
Dashboard optimizations
how could you reduce the density of dots in a scatter chart but retain the perspective of how many individual observations exist?
Aggregate the y-axis to an average value and convert to a bubble chart to retain clarity
Which chart type often used in exploratory analysis helps to illustrate the shape of data for onwards analysis?
Histograms
Freya is visualizing data of accident occurrences on the US road network. What type of visualization would be good to use to help Freya illustrate data on where accidents occur?
Geographic maps
Golum wants to show the significance of damage from orc raids in a town in middle-earth. What visualization should he use?
A Heat map. for example, building damage and number of causalities
What visualization can help identify how correlated multiple values are with each other?
A correlation heat map.
what visualization is good if you need to map proportional representation of hierarchical data?
Tree map
it is hierarchical because you can decompose the data elements by clicking on them
Johnny wants to create an interactive visualization, which of the below is the best choice?
Geographic map
Bubble Chart
Tree Mapo
Tree Map
You have a baseline value of critical vulnerabilities. You need to show the director over the year how adding new vulnerabilities and resolving existing ones has affected the number you started out with in the beginning of the year. What would be a good way to show this?
Using a Waterfall chart.
visualization, you need to convey insight quickly
infographic
you’ve sent out a survey and asked for peoples opinions about their favourite biscuits. It’s free-form answers. What is a good visualization to use for this type of data?
A word cloud
What visualization uses shape, font size and colour to signify importance of words?
a Word Cloud
which type of report combines internal data about an organization’s operational performance and risk with data about external forces?
Strategic or Research report
communicate essential information whilst minimizing clutter - is the goal of what?
Dashboarding
which charts are best for categorical data?
Bar, Stacked Bar and Pie charts
report, gives people access to real-time information
Dynamic report
this report typically uses an API to access the data
Dynamic report
access real-time data
which of the five C’s of design reduces clutter?
Concentration
A concise title
Insight from the report itself or TOC
Instructions how to use
Are all elements that should be on what?
Report Cover Page
version number, references data sources and reference dates are known as what?
What do they help establish with the report?
Documentation Elements
They help establish trust of the report
A ___________ divides data into categories or segments.
A DIMENSION divides data into categories or segments.
Incorporating wireframes, mockups, data story plan help design an optimal what?
Web Interface (Dashboard)
Which stage of the dashboard development process asks questions from aggregated data like “how many people work here?” and “what’s the average time a person works here”?
During the Data Story plan
What visualization would you use to help identify the variables you would consider as part of making predictions.
Correlation Heat Map
In which recurring report type are KPI’s most often conveyed?
Operational reports
What recurring report type deals with System and Organizational Controls?
Risk Compliance Report
Two main categories of recurring reports
Operational Reports and Compliance Reports
Selecting the right visualization tool for communicating your message aligns with which of the five C’s of design principles?
Clarity
Which view in Power BI allows a user to explore data in a spreadsheet type of view?
Data View
from within the Power BI application, which view allows a data engineer to look over the related data in a visual, such as a pie chart?
Report View
totals or aggregated values and is an easy way to display critical values on the dashboard.
Card visuals
reports for presentations and meetings and typically schedule them to run on a set schedule.
Point-in-time report
the report reflects on a specific point in time, whether looking at data from the most recent month or data from one year prior.
report relies on research to inform and even change business practices.
Research report
Updating the hexadecimal code on a report does what?
Changes the colour of a font or other element
What kind of code is this?
(0, 0, 255)
What is it used for?
RGB values
is color code used to change colour of reprot elements
a report may have multiple charts with different date ranges, what could you add to make this fact clearer?
label run dates against each visual
Which department is a good first resource to determine appropriate guidelines for presenting data in a large company?
CM
Marketing Department
or Communications dept
What kind of colour is this?
PMS 4151 C
Pantone
What kind of colour code is this?
(89, 56, 0, 0)
CMYK
Visual that best compares the values of data points across categories.
Stacked bar/graph or Pie
Geographic maps are alos known as what?
Dot-maps
Adobe Illustrator and Canva would be two tools you could use to build what kind of visualization?
cm
INFOGRAPHICS
Type of chart that allows comparison of multiple data points against a trend?
Combination chart
uses columns against a plotted line
what process involves creating a framework based on real-world data requirements, organizing data elements, and defining relationships.
It ensures that data is ready for use and meaningful for reporting purposes.
Data Modelling
part of requirements gathering (identifying data sources)
uploading a static visual to Power BI you need to do what 3 things?
Request permissions
Log into the dashboar
Disable Filtering options on the visual
a querying technique for reports that rarely changes, especially when intended for scheduled reports.
Hard-coded filters
technique commonly applied in scheduled reports, ensures everyone gets the same data subset, consistently.
Hard-coded filters
Before publishing a dashboard, apart from departmental managers, which manager should you also inform?
IT Manager
to ensure security procedures are seen to
what dashboard focuses on the operational details of a process or operation.
Tactical Dashboard
a Dynamic report is also know as
a real-time report
Self-service, static and point-in-time reports can be considered what type of report?
cm
On-Demand
don’t agree. Statics are often sent out, and not on demand of user
method of organizing data where a user sorts within a sort.
Multi-sorting
Software - allows a designer to draw different screens and add objects to build a potential layout. A designer can also do this on a piece of paper.
SnagIt
is a data transformation tool that allows analysts to merge, clean and transform data from different sources
cm
Power Query
can be used in Excel and Power BI
determining the information needed for each consumer type will determine what?
Data Content
models the time-based patterns in the data to make future predictions. This technique helps in predicting future sales based on historical sales data.
cm
Time series forecasting
dispute this! LDA more appropriate
