Chapter 7: Atomic Spectroscopy

Question 1

AAS

Answer 1

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Question 2

AES

Answer 2

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Question 3

ICP-OES

Answer 3

Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission

Question 4

What is AAS good for analyzing?

Answer 4

Metals

Question 5

True or False: ICP-OES has better detection limits than AAS.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False: ICP-OES is not able to scan as many elements as AAS.

Answer 6

False, it has the ability to scan more elements than AAS.

Question 7

What is the source in AES?

Answer 7

The atoms themselves. They emit light.

Question 8

Advantages of Atomic Absorption

Answer 8

-Very Narrow Lines
-Excellent Resolution
-High Specificity for each element

Question 9

Magnetic Field Broadening

Answer 9

Also known as a spin-orbit effect. Orbitals have angular momentum.

Question 10

When are electrons paired? When are they not paired?

Answer 10

Paired: Singlet ground state and singlet excited state.
Not Paired: Triplet excited state.

Question 11

Doppler Broadening

Answer 11

Frequency of wave depends on the relative motion of the source and observer. Proportion to the square root of temperature.

Question 12

Collisional Broadening/Pressure Broadening

Answer 12

Collisions cause small changes in energy levels and broaden observed lines. It is pressure-dependent.

Question 13

Hollow Cathode Lamp (This is a picture)

Answer 13

Question 14

Atomization

Answer 14

Process of converting sample to gas phase.

Question 15

Nebulization

Answer 15

Process of converting sample to mist.

Question 16

“Achilles Heel”

Answer 16

Limits accuracy, and precision detection limits.

Question 17

What happens when you increase temperatue?

Answer 17

-Atomization efficiency increases (Good)
-Increases Doppler broadening (can be problematic)
-Increases Ionization (Bad)
-Increases excited state population