Chapter 7 a Flashcards
Mature bones cells are called what
Osteocytes
What bone cells build bone tissue
Osteoblasts
What bone cells break down bone tissue
Osteoclasts
Removal of bone, action of osteoclasts
Bone Resorption
Formation of bone, action of osteoblasts
Bone Deposition
What is the percentage of the skeleton is replaced each year
10%-20%
Steps in fraction repair
Hematoma: blood clot
Cartilaginous Callus: phagocytes remove debris, and fibrocartilage invades
Bony Callus: osteoblasts invade, hard callus fills space
Remodeling: bone restored close to original shape
Blood cell formation is called
Hematopoiesis
Blood cell production occurs where
Red bone marrow
With age, what replaces red bone marrow and stores fate
Yellow bone marrow
What happens if the normal blood calcium level is too high
Stimulus: blood calcium increases
Receptors: thyroid glands sense the increase
Control Center: thyroid releases calcitonin
Effectors: osteoblasts deposit calcium in bones
Response: levels resume to normal
What happens if the normal blood calcium level is too low
Stimulus: blood calcium decreases
Receptors: parathyroid sense the decrease
Control Center: parathyroid release its own hormone
Effectors: osteoclasts break down bone to release calcium
Response: levels resume to normal
What do infants normally have in their skull when they are born aka ‘soft spots’ where the ossification is incomplete
Fontanels
Exaggerated thoracic curvature of the spine “hunchback”
Kyphosis
Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine “one hip or shoulder may be lower”
Scoliosis
