Chapter 7

Question 1

gender studies

Answer 1

research into understanding how gender identities and expressions are shaped by and affect one’s life chances

Question 2

sex

Answer 2

the culturally agreed upon physical differences between male and female, especially biological differences related to human reproduction

Question 3

gender

Answer 3

the expectations of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to people of different sexes

Question 4

sexual dimorphism

Answer 4

the phenotypic differences between males and females of the same species

Question 5

cultural construction of gender

Answer 5

the ways humans learn to perform and recognize behaviors as masculine or feminine within their cultural context

Question 6

transgender

Answer 6

people whose gender identity and performance do not correspond with the biological sex category assigned at birth

Question 7

cisgender

Answer 7

people whose gender identity and performance correspond with their birth sex

Question 8

masculinity

Answer 8

the ideas and practices associated with manhood

Question 9

femininity

Answer 9

the ideas and practices associated with womanhood

Question 10

gender performance

Answer 10

the way gender identity is expressed through action

Question 11

intersex

Answer 11

the state of being born with a combination of male and female genitalia, gonads, and/or chromosomes

Question 12

gender stratification

Answer 12

an unequal distribution of power in which gender shapes who has access to a group’s resources, opportunities, rights, and privileges

Question 13

gender stereotypes

Answer 13

widely held preconceived notions about the attributes of, differences between, and proper roles for men and women in a culture

Question 14

gender ideology

Answer 14

a set of cultural ideas, usually stereotypical, about the essential character of different genders that functions to promote and justify gender stratification