Chapter 6

Question 1

ethnicity

Answer 1

a sense of historical, cultural, and sometimes ancestral connection to a group of people who are imagined to be distinct from those outside the group

Question 2

origin myth

Answer 2

a story told about the founding and history of a particular group to reinforce a sense of common identity

Question 3

ethnic boundary marker

Answer 3

a practice or belief used to signify who is in a group and who is not, but yet may change over time

Question 4

situational negotiation of identity

Answer 4

an individual’s self-identification with a particular group that can shift according to social location

Question 5

identity entrepreneurs

Answer 5

political, military, or religious leaders who promote a world-view through the lens of ethnicity and use war, propaganda, and state power to mobilize people against those whom they perceive as a danger

Question 6

genocide

Answer 6

the deliberate and systematic destruction of an ethnic or religious group

Question 7

ethnic cleansing

Answer 7

efforts by representatives of one ethnic or religious group to remove or destroy another group in a particular geographic area

Question 8

melting pot

Answer 8

a metaphor used to describe the process of immigrant assimilation into U.S. dominant culture

Question 9

assimilation

Answer 9

the process through which minorities accept the patterns and norms of the dominant culture and cease to exist as separate groups

Question 10

multiculturalism

Answer 10

a pattern of ethnic relations in which new immigrants and their children enculturate into the dominant national culture and yet retain an ethnic culture

Question 11

state

Answer 11

an autonomous regional structure of political, economic, and military rule with a central government authorized to make laws and use force to maintain order and defend its territory

Question 12

nation-state

Answer 12

a political entity, located within a geographic territory with enforced borders, where the population shares a sense of culture, ancestry, and destiny as a people

Question 13

citizenship

Answer 13

legal membership in a nation-state

Question 14

nation

Answer 14

a term once used to describe a group of people who shared a place origin; now used interchangeably with nation-state

Question 15

nationality

Answer 15

the identification with a group of people thought to share a place of origin

Question 16

nationalism

Answer 16

the desire of an ethnic community to create and/or maintain a nation-state

Question 17

imagined community

Answer 17

the invented sense of connection an shared traditions that underlies identification with a particular ethnic group or nation whose members likely will never all meet

Question 18

diaspora

Answer 18

a group of people living outside their ancestral homeland yet maintaining emotional and material ties to home