Chapter 7

Question 1

energy resources

Answer 1

are large banks of energy that can transferred into a form that can be used by society

Question 2

fossil fuels (advantages than disadvantages at bottom)

Answer 2

burning fuels produce heat, which can be used to turn water to steam to turn turbines

form: chemical
- reliable, can produce large scale
- produces high amounts of greenhouse gasses and pollution

Question 3

water (advantages than disadvantages at bottom)

Answer 3

hydroelectric and tidal power use the GPE of water to turn turbines which generate electricity

form: GPE
- reliable, large amount in short notice, no pollution or greenhouse gasses
- tidal not reliable, can involve flooding area, destroying important wildlife habitats, very suitable sites, expensive to build dams but running costs are less than fossil fuels

Question 4

waves

Answer 4

waves also create energy in the form of Ke

Question 5

geothermal (advantages than disadvantages at bottom)

Answer 5

heat from underground can be used to create steam, which spins turbines producing electricity

form: internal
- reliable and cost effective in right places
- can result in release of harmful gasses from underground, not many suitable places, doesn’t produce large scale

Question 6

nuclear fission (advantages than disadvantages at bottom)

Answer 6

nuclear fuel is reacted, producing heat which creates steam
form : nuclear
-reliable, produce energy very large scale, no greenhouse gasses or pollution, large amount of energy from small amount of fuel
-produces radioactive waste that take thousands of years to decay, power stations are expensive to build and very expensive to decommission

Question 7

solar heating

Answer 7

light from the sun can be used to warm water passing through black pipes
Form: light

Question 8

solar cells (advantages than disadvantages at bottom)

Answer 8

photovoltaic cells use light to create electricity
form light
-produces no greenhouse gasses or pollution, good for energy in remote places
-not reliable, doesn’t produce large scale, very expensive

Question 9

wind (advantages than disadvantages at bottom)

Answer 9

wind turbines can be used to produce electricity
form Ke
-produces no greenhouse gasses or pollution, land can be used for farming still
-not reliable, can be noisy and ugly, not everywhere is suitable. expensive compared to what the produce but running costa are low

Question 10

renewable energy

Answer 10

replenished at faster rate than the rate at which is being used (it cannot run out)

Question 11

reliable and non-reliable energy

Answer 11

• reliable - one that can produce energy at any time

- non-reliable energy produces some of the time

Question 12

forms of energy that aren’t from the sun

Answer 12

• geothermal = heat produced from the earths core
• nuclear = comes from elements which make a small proportion of the earths crust
• tidal = this comes (mainly) from the gravitational attraction from moon

Question 13

the sun (how affected creating forms of energy)

Answer 13

• heats atmosphere creating wind and waves
• water evaporated, falls as rain and fills reservoirs
• plants grow using sunlight form the basis of fuels , both bio and fossil fuels

Question 14

the suns energy

Answer 14

produces by through the process of nuclear fusion of its core
process including the collision (and bonding) of hydrogen nuclei to form helium nuclei, releasing nuclear energy in the process