Chapter 7-8 Flashcards
communities from which non-Whites were systematically excluded from living
sundown towns
laws that defined the low position of slaves in the United States
slave codes
a sociohistorical process by which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed
racial formation
antislavery advocates
abolitionists
forbade Black voting in election primaries
White primary
laws meant to keep former slaves and their descendants in a subordinate status
Jim Crow
the act of making amends for the injustice of slavery
slavery reparation
a private contract entered into by neighborhood property owners stipulating that property could not be sold or rented to certain minority groups, thus ensuring that they could not live in the area
restrictive convenant
segregation that results from children being assigned to schools specifically to maintain racially separate schools
de jure segregation
based on the belief that people have the right to disobey the law under certain circumstances
civil disobedience
the conscious feeling of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and current actualities
relative deprivation
the increasing sense of frustration that legitimate needs are being blocked
rising expectations
some school districts being predominantly African American and Hispanic surrounded by suburban school districts that are predominantly White
de facto segregation
schools that are all Black
apartheid school
the practice of placing students in specific curriculum groups on the basis of test scores and other criteria
tracking
speaking proper English or having cultural preferences like listening to rock music rather than hip-hop
acting White
using race-neutral principles to defend the racial unequal status quo
color-blind racism
Max Weber; people who share a similar level of wealth and income
class
salaries, wages, and other money received
income
all of a person’s material assets, including land and other types of property
wealth
working at a job for which one is overqualified, involuntarily working part-time instead of full-time, or being employed only intermittently
underemployment
the practice of discriminating against people trying to buy homes in minority and racially changing neighborhoods
redlining
enacted to ensure that specific standards of housing construction will be followed
zoning laws
systematic interviews of ordinary people carried out annually to reveal how much crime occurs
victimization surveys
Whites are dealt with more leniently than Blacks
differential justice
the tendency to view crime as less socially significant if the victim is viewed as less worthy
victim discounting
separate and unequal healthcare system in the United States that often has and continues to characterize healthcare for African Americans as well as Latinos
medical apartheid
