Chapter 7 Flashcards
Structuration Theory
The way we routinely communicate in and about the groups we belong to.
Five Stages of Group Development
Forming: members of the group meeting for the first time.
Storming: the stage were group members experience conflict.
Norming:member begin working together toward a common goal.
Performing:the group begins to reach and complete its goals.
Adjourning:the stage when members depart from one another and work on a specific task.
Group Cohesion
Binds members together as they accept their membership and duties.
Sentiment-based Cohesion: relies on the relational closeness of the group {Ex a group of friends}
Reward based cohesion: is built on the idea that member are in someway rewarded for the successful completion of the task.
Assignment based cohesion:goal oriented group members work together towards a specific goal.
Dependency based cohesion:a larger group is devised into smaller groups to complete specific tasks.
Group brakedown
When conflict emerges among members causing deterioration
Factors like normative confusion, rank ineffectiveness groupthink contribute to group brake down.
Normative Confusion
Occurs when the groups rules and expectations have not been clearly defined or established.
Rank Ineffectiveness
Group members question the legitimacy of messages transmuted by those in positions of authority.
Groupthink
When voices in a group are suppressed by pressure by others.
Systems Theory
Groups operate as systems in which all members are interdependent.
- Each member has an effect on the functioning of the whole.
- Each member is affected by at least one other member in the group.
- All possible subgroups of members also have the first two properties.
Leadership
When an individual influences group members to achieve a common goal.
Authoritarian leader
Does not accept input from members and maintains compleat control of the group.
Democratic Leader
Encourages full and equal participation among group members.
Laissez-faire Leaders
Provides little guidance and expects group members to make decisions.
Power
The ability, capacity, or authority to move others to act as desired.
- coercive: to have the authority to inflict punishment {ex court judge}
- reward:paying members for compliance or achievement.
- legitimate:based on status {ex. politicians}
- referent:based on admiration and liking {ex. accomplished athletes}
- expert:based on the amount of knowledge or expertise a person has in a given area {ex. doctor}
- informational: having access to information that others lack {ex people who work with classified info}
Socialization
How we learn to be members of a group.
Roles
Specific task and responsibilities of a group
