Chapter 7 Flashcards
Number of bones in the human body and how they are divided
206
- Axial: skull (22), thoracic cage (25), vertebral column (26) = 80
- Appendicular: shoulder, hip, upper/lower extremities (126)
What are the skull associated bones?
The hyoid bone (1) and the ossicles (6) = 7
What are the categories of skull bones?
- Facial: no brain contact (14)
- Cranial: direct contact with the brain (8)
Define sutures and which are they
Immovable joints between skull bones
- Coronal
- Sagittal
- Squamous
- Lamboid
Define fossa and which are they
A depression found in a bone
- Anterior cranial fossa
- Middle cranial fossa
- Posterior cranial fossa
What two bones makes up the hard palate?
Maxilla and palatine
Name the four paranasal sinuses
- Frontal
- Ethmoid
- Sphenoid
- Maxillary
What are paranasal sinuses and their function?
Air-filled spaces in skull bones around nasal cavity; warms and humidifies inhaled air
Which is the only bone that does not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid bone
What are fontanelles?
Dense regular connective tissue that connects cranial bones
Give the two types of fontanelles and when they ossify
- Anterior ossifies at about 15 months
- Posterior ossifies at about 9 months
List the breakdown of the vertebral column
- Cervical (7) Curves anteriorly
- Thoracic (12) Curves posteriorly
- Lumbar (5) Curves anteriorly
- Sacrum Curves posteriorly
- Coccyx
List the 4 atypical vertebrae
Atlas C1, lacks a body (flexion/extension of neck “yes”)
Axis C2, contains the dens (rotates head side to side “no”)
Sacrum
Coccyx
Unique characteristics of cervical spine
- Small size
- Body is kidney-bean shaped
- Transverse foramen
- Spinous processes are short and bifid
Unique characteristics of thoracic spine
- Medium sized
- Body is heart shaped
- Spinous processes are long and project inferiorly
- Contain costal facets
