Chapter 7 Flashcards
Aden/o
Gland
Common term for the endocrine System.
Adren/o
Adrenal/o
Adrenal gland
Literally means on the kidney.
Cortic/o
Outer surfaces
Means the bark or husk.
Gonad/o
Gonads sex organs
Regardless of gender.
Pancreat/o
Pancreas
Pan(all)kreas(flesh)
Pituitar/o
Hypophoys/o
Pituitary gland
Latin meaning Mucus.
Hypno(under) physis (growth)
Thym/o
Thymus
Organ in the upper chest, under sternum and in front of the heart.
Herb thyme - looked like it
Thyr/o
Thyroid/o
Thyroid
Greek meaning thyro(shield) old(resembling)
Protects the throat.
Gluc/o
Glucos/o
Glyc/o
Sugar
Sucrose both fructose and glucose.
Glucose requires insulin to break it down.
Crin/o
To secrete
Endocrine means to secrete internally.
Exocrine- sweat saliva
Hormon/o
Hormone
Greek to push or rush.
Hormones are chemically to stimulate and organ or part of the body to do something.
Ket/o
Ketone body
Toxic chemicals detectable in urine.
-Tropin
Stimulating hormone
-emia
Blood condition
-uria
Urine condition
Adenalgia
Aden / Algia
Gland / pain
Pain in the gland.
Adrenal virilism
Adrenal viril / ism
Adrenal man / condition
Excessive secretion of the adrenal gland.
Adrenarche
Adren / arche
Adrenal / beginning
At puberty.
Hirsutism
Latin, for shaggy
Excessive growth of facial and body hair in women.
Amenorrhea
A / meno / rrhea
No / menstrual / flow
Lack of menstrual flow
Gynecomastia
Gyneco / mast / ia
Woman / breast / condition
Development of breast tissue in males.
Hypergonadism
Hyper / gonad / ism
Over / gonad / condition
Excessive secretion of sex glands.
Menarche
Men / arche
Menstrual / beginning.
First menstration
Thelarche
Thel / arche
Breast / beginning
Beginning of breast development.
Hypoglycemic
Hypo / glyc / em / ic
Under / sugar / blood : pertaining to.
Pertains to low blood sugar.
Pancreatalgia
Pancreat / Algia
Pancreas / pain
Pain in the pancreas
Polydipsia
Poly / dips / ia
Excessive / thirst / condition
Excessive thirst.
Polyphagia
Poly / phagia
Excessive / eat
Excessive eating.
Polyuria
Poly / uria
Excessive / urine condition
Excessive urination.
Acromegaly
Acro / megaly
Extremities / abnormal enlargement
Abnormal enlargement of the extremities.
Galactorrhea
Galacto / rrhea
Milk / discharge
Discharge of milk. Galaxy- Milky Way
Pituitary dwarfism
Pituitary dwarfism
Short height caused by under sectarian of Growth hormones.
Pituitary gigantism
Pituitary gigantism
Over secretion of growth hormones.
Exophthalmos
Ex / opthtalmos
Out / eye
Protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket.
Goiter
Latin, for gutter. Meaning throat.
Swollen thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause.
Myxedema
Myx / edema
Mucus / swelling
Swelling that deposits under the skin. They have the consistency of mucus, but it’s not.
Thyrocele
Thyro / Cele
Thyroid / Tumor
Another name for goiter.
Thyromegaly
Thyro / megaly
Thyroid / enlargement
Big thyroid
Thyroptosis
Thyro / ptosis
Thyroid / drooping condition
Downward displacement of the thyroid
Acidemia
Acid / emia
Acid / blood condition
Acid in the blood
Alkalemia
Alkal / emia
Alkali / blood condition
Opposite of acid. Abnormal alkalinity in the blood.
Calciuria
Calci / uria
Calcium / urine condition
Calcium in the urine
Chloremia
Chlor / emia
Chloride / blood condition
Increased chloride in the blood.
Euglycemia
Eu / glyc / emia
Good / sugar / condition
Good blood sugar.
Glucosuria
Glucos / uria
Sugar / urine condition
Sugar in the urine.
Hypercalcemia
Hyper / calc / emia
Over / calcium / blood condition
Excessive calcium in the blood.
Hypercholesterolemia
Hyper / cholesterol/ emia
Excessive / cholesterol / blood condition
Chole (bile) stero (solid) ol (substance)
Hyperglycemia
Hyper / glyc / emia
Excessive / sugar / blood condition
High blood sugar
Hyperkalemia
Hyper / Kal / emia
Over / potassium / blood condition
Excessive potassium in blood. Kal, Latin for Kalium. Potassium on periodic table is “K”.
Hyperlipidemia
Hyper / lipid / emia
Excessive / fat / blood condition
Excessive fat in the blood.
Hypernatremia
Hyper / natr / emia
Excessive / salt / blood condition
Too much salt in blood.
Hyperphosphatemia
Hyper / phosphat / emia
Excessive / phosphate / blood condition
Hypoglycemia
Hypo / glyc / emia
Under / sugar / blood condition
Low blood sugar
Ketonuria
Keton / uria
Ketone / urine condition
Ketone bodies in the urine.
Polyuria
Poly / uria
Excessive / urine condition
Excessive urination
Uremia
Ur / emia
Urine / blood condition
Urinary waste in the blood.
Adrenaline
Ad / renal / ine
On / kidney / chemical
Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland.
Epinephrine
Epi / nephr / ine
Upon / kidney / chemical
Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Adreno / cortico / trop / ic
Adrenal / cortex / stimulating / pertaining to
Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland stimulating the cortex of the adrenal gland.
Corticotropin
Cortico / tropin
Cortex / stimulating
Shorter name for ACTH
Glucagon
Gluc / Agon
Sugar / lead
Secreted by the pancreas
Glucocorticoid
Gluco / cortic / oid
Sugar / cortex / resembling
Hormone from adrenal cortex with a role in carb metabolism
Gonadotropin
Gonado / tropin
Gonad / stimulating
Hormone that stimulates the gonad.
Insulin
Insul / in
Island / chemical
Hormone from pancreas. Controls metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats.
Thyrotropin
Thyro / tropin
Thyroid / stimulating
Hormone that stimulates the thyroid.
Adrenomegaly
Adenomegaly
Adreno / megaly
Gland / enlargement
Abnormal enlargement of a gland
Euthyroid
Eu / thyroid
Good / thyroid
Normal thyroid
Gluconeogenesis
Gluco / NEO / genesis
Sugar / new / formation
Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
Glycolysis
Glyco / lysis
Sugar / loosen
Breakdown of sugar - release energy.
Glycopenia
Glyco / penia
Sugar deficiency
Deficiency of sugar
Gonadogenesis
Gonado / genesis
Gonad / formation
Creation development of gonads.
Metabolism
Meta / bol / ism
Over / throw / condition
Breakdown of matter into energy
