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Medical Term > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

Common term for the endocrine System.

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2
Q

Adren/o

Adrenal/o

A

Adrenal gland

Literally means on the kidney.

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3
Q

Cortic/o

A

Outer surfaces

Means the bark or husk.

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4
Q

Gonad/o

A

Gonads sex organs

Regardless of gender.

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5
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

Pan(all)kreas(flesh)

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6
Q

Pituitar/o

Hypophoys/o

A

Pituitary gland
Latin meaning Mucus.
Hypno(under) physis (growth)

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7
Q

Thym/o

A

Thymus
Organ in the upper chest, under sternum and in front of the heart.
Herb thyme - looked like it

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8
Q

Thyr/o

Thyroid/o

A

Thyroid
Greek meaning thyro(shield) old(resembling)
Protects the throat.

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9
Q

Gluc/o
Glucos/o
Glyc/o

A

Sugar
Sucrose both fructose and glucose.
Glucose requires insulin to break it down.

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10
Q

Crin/o

A

To secrete
Endocrine means to secrete internally.
Exocrine- sweat saliva

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11
Q

Hormon/o

A

Hormone
Greek to push or rush.
Hormones are chemically to stimulate and organ or part of the body to do something.

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12
Q

Ket/o

A

Ketone body

Toxic chemicals detectable in urine.

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13
Q

-Tropin

A

Stimulating hormone

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14
Q

-emia

A

Blood condition

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15
Q

-uria

A

Urine condition

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16
Q

Adenalgia

A

Aden / Algia
Gland / pain
Pain in the gland.

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17
Q

Adrenal virilism

A

Adrenal viril / ism
Adrenal man / condition
Excessive secretion of the adrenal gland.

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18
Q

Adrenarche

A

Adren / arche
Adrenal / beginning
At puberty.

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19
Q

Hirsutism

A

Latin, for shaggy

Excessive growth of facial and body hair in women.

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20
Q

Amenorrhea

A

A / meno / rrhea
No / menstrual / flow
Lack of menstrual flow

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21
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Gyneco / mast / ia
Woman / breast / condition
Development of breast tissue in males.

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22
Q

Hypergonadism

A

Hyper / gonad / ism
Over / gonad / condition
Excessive secretion of sex glands.

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23
Q

Menarche

A

Men / arche
Menstrual / beginning.
First menstration

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24
Q

Thelarche

A

Thel / arche
Breast / beginning
Beginning of breast development.

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25
Q

Hypoglycemic

A

Hypo / glyc / em / ic
Under / sugar / blood : pertaining to.
Pertains to low blood sugar.

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26
Q

Pancreatalgia

A

Pancreat / Algia
Pancreas / pain
Pain in the pancreas

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27
Q

Polydipsia

A

Poly / dips / ia
Excessive / thirst / condition
Excessive thirst.

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28
Q

Polyphagia

A

Poly / phagia
Excessive / eat
Excessive eating.

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29
Q

Polyuria

A

Poly / uria
Excessive / urine condition
Excessive urination.

30
Q

Acromegaly

A

Acro / megaly
Extremities / abnormal enlargement
Abnormal enlargement of the extremities.

31
Q

Galactorrhea

A

Galacto / rrhea
Milk / discharge
Discharge of milk. Galaxy- Milky Way

32
Q

Pituitary dwarfism

A

Pituitary dwarfism

Short height caused by under sectarian of Growth hormones.

33
Q

Pituitary gigantism

A

Pituitary gigantism

Over secretion of growth hormones.

34
Q

Exophthalmos

A

Ex / opthtalmos
Out / eye
Protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket.

35
Q

Goiter

A

Latin, for gutter. Meaning throat.

Swollen thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause.

36
Q

Myxedema

A

Myx / edema
Mucus / swelling
Swelling that deposits under the skin. They have the consistency of mucus, but it’s not.

37
Q

Thyrocele

A

Thyro / Cele
Thyroid / Tumor
Another name for goiter.

38
Q

Thyromegaly

A

Thyro / megaly
Thyroid / enlargement
Big thyroid

39
Q

Thyroptosis

A

Thyro / ptosis
Thyroid / drooping condition
Downward displacement of the thyroid

40
Q

Acidemia

A

Acid / emia
Acid / blood condition
Acid in the blood

41
Q

Alkalemia

A

Alkal / emia
Alkali / blood condition
Opposite of acid. Abnormal alkalinity in the blood.

42
Q

Calciuria

A

Calci / uria
Calcium / urine condition
Calcium in the urine

43
Q

Chloremia

A

Chlor / emia
Chloride / blood condition
Increased chloride in the blood.

44
Q

Euglycemia

A

Eu / glyc / emia
Good / sugar / condition
Good blood sugar.

45
Q

Glucosuria

A

Glucos / uria
Sugar / urine condition
Sugar in the urine.

46
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

Hyper / calc / emia
Over / calcium / blood condition
Excessive calcium in the blood.

47
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Hyper / cholesterol/ emia
Excessive / cholesterol / blood condition
Chole (bile) stero (solid) ol (substance)

48
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Hyper / glyc / emia
Excessive / sugar / blood condition
High blood sugar

49
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Hyper / Kal / emia
Over / potassium / blood condition
Excessive potassium in blood. Kal, Latin for Kalium. Potassium on periodic table is “K”.

50
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

Hyper / lipid / emia
Excessive / fat / blood condition
Excessive fat in the blood.

51
Q

Hypernatremia

A

Hyper / natr / emia
Excessive / salt / blood condition
Too much salt in blood.

52
Q

Hyperphosphatemia

A

Hyper / phosphat / emia

Excessive / phosphate / blood condition

53
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Hypo / glyc / emia
Under / sugar / blood condition
Low blood sugar

54
Q

Ketonuria

A

Keton / uria
Ketone / urine condition
Ketone bodies in the urine.

55
Q

Polyuria

A

Poly / uria
Excessive / urine condition
Excessive urination

56
Q

Uremia

A

Ur / emia
Urine / blood condition
Urinary waste in the blood.

57
Q

Adrenaline

A

Ad / renal / ine
On / kidney / chemical
Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland.

58
Q

Epinephrine

A

Epi / nephr / ine
Upon / kidney / chemical
Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland.

59
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Adreno / cortico / trop / ic
Adrenal / cortex / stimulating / pertaining to
Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland stimulating the cortex of the adrenal gland.

60
Q

Corticotropin

A

Cortico / tropin
Cortex / stimulating
Shorter name for ACTH

61
Q

Glucagon

A

Gluc / Agon
Sugar / lead
Secreted by the pancreas

62
Q

Glucocorticoid

A

Gluco / cortic / oid
Sugar / cortex / resembling
Hormone from adrenal cortex with a role in carb metabolism

63
Q

Gonadotropin

A

Gonado / tropin
Gonad / stimulating
Hormone that stimulates the gonad.

64
Q

Insulin

A

Insul / in
Island / chemical
Hormone from pancreas. Controls metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats.

65
Q

Thyrotropin

A

Thyro / tropin
Thyroid / stimulating
Hormone that stimulates the thyroid.

66
Q

Adrenomegaly

Adenomegaly

A

Adreno / megaly
Gland / enlargement
Abnormal enlargement of a gland

67
Q

Euthyroid

A

Eu / thyroid
Good / thyroid
Normal thyroid

68
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Gluco / NEO / genesis
Sugar / new / formation
Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources

69
Q

Glycolysis

A

Glyco / lysis
Sugar / loosen
Breakdown of sugar - release energy.

70
Q

Glycopenia

A

Glyco / penia
Sugar deficiency
Deficiency of sugar

71
Q

Gonadogenesis

A

Gonado / genesis
Gonad / formation
Creation development of gonads.

72
Q

Metabolism

A

Meta / bol / ism
Over / throw / condition
Breakdown of matter into energy

Medical Term (17 decks)

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