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Medical Term > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus (plural: glomeruli)

Latin meaning little ball. Filters blood the little blood balls in the kidneys

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2
Q

Nephr/o

Ren/o

A

Kidney

Filter 200 qts of blood per day

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3
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

Pyel/o means pelvis.

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4
Q

Ur/o

Urin/o

A

Urine
Healthy urine is completely sterile and contains ammonia molecules. Urine was used to clan clothes and even whiten teeth.

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5
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

Kidney stones are actually a build up of mineral salts and calcium.

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6
Q

Cyst/o

Vesic/o

A

Bladder
Full it’s the size of a softball. 18oz of liquid. Rarely hits its capacity. When it gets to a quarter size people say: “they can’t hold it”.

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7
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

Men’s urethra is 8inches long. Women’s are 1.5 -2 inches long. This is why kidney stones are more painful for men.

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8
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter
Thick walled tubes about 10inches in length that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder. You have two ureters and only one urethra.

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9
Q

Meat/o

A

Opening

Meat is comes from a word meaning “to go through”. Permeate

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10
Q

Balan/o

A

Penis

Balanco meaning acorn. Also used for deadbolt locks.

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11
Q

Epididym/o

A

Epididymis
Oblong organ that sits on top of each testicle. Complete their final development and are stored.
Literally means upon the twins.
Didymis means twins.

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12
Q 
Orch/o
Orchi/o
Orchid/o
Test/o
Testicul/o
A

Testicle.
Similar to orchid. The flower is named for the organ and not the other way around. Orchid was named after the testicle because it looked like a pair of testicles.

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13
Q

Prostat/o

A

Prostate
Surrounds the urethra.
Pro - (before) state - (stand)
Because it stands in front of the urinary bladder.

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14
Q

Sperm/o
Spermat/o
Sperm/i

A

Sperm
Greek meaning seed. It takes 10 weeks to produce a single sperm. They can sit in the epididymus for as long as 2 weeks before ejaculated. Can survive in the female reproductive tract for 5 days. Sperm are both male and female to determine gender of baby. Male swimmers are faster, but female swimmers are slower and stronger.

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15
Q

Anorchidism

A

Missing testicle

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16
Q

Cryptochidism

A

Hidden testicle.

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17
Q

Nocturnal enuresis

A

Nighttime involuntary urination

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18
Q

Orchichorea

A

Testicle dance

Meaning the involuntary movement or jerking of the testicles

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19
Q

Priapism

A

Greek meaning minor fertility God named Priapus. Who is always shown with a large and permanently erect penis.
Persistent and painful erection.

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20
Q

Azotemia

A

Azot / emia
Nitrogen / blood condition
Azot comes from 2 roots a (not) and zo (living). Things cannot live in it.

21
Q

Meatal Stenosis

A

Meat / al / sten / osis
Opening / pertaining to / narrow / condition.
Narrowing of the opening of the urethra.

22
Q

Nehroptosis

A

Nephro / osis

Kidney condition

23
Q

Cystogram

A

Bladder record

24
Q

Cystography

A

Bladder writing procedure

25
Q

Cystoscopy

A

Bladder looking procedure

26
Q

Renal angiogram

A

Ren / al / angio / graphy

Kidney / pertaining to / vessel / writing procedure.

27
Q

Resectoscope

A

Re / secto / scope
Back / cut / instrument to look.
Instrument for examining and cutting. ( usually the prostate.)

28
Q

Retrograde pyelogram

A

Retro / grade / pyelo / gram
Backward / walk / pelvis / record.
Using using contrast dye from the bladder to kidney.

29
Q

Ureteroscopy

A

Uretero / scopy
Ureter / looking procedure.
The process of examining a ureter

30
Q

Voiding cystourethrogram

VCUG

A

Voiding / cysto / urethro / gram

Urinating / bladder / urethra / record

31
Q

Diuresis

A

Di / uresis
Through / urination
Excessive urination.

32
Q

Uroxanthin

A

Uro / xanthin
Urine / yellow
Substance that makes it yellow.

33
Q

Azoospermia

A

A / zoo / sperm / ia
No / living / sperm / condition
Lack of living sperm.

34
Q

Hydrocele

A

Water / hernia

Fluid filled mass in a testicle.

35
Q

Oligospermia

A

Oligo / sperm / ia
Low / sperm / condition.
Low sperm production.

36
Q

Phimosis

A

From Greek, for muzzle.

Contraction of the foreskin of the penis, preventing it from being retracted.

37
Q

Seminoma

A

Semin / oma
Sperm tumor
Type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue.

38
Q

Digital rectal exam (DRE)

A

Digit / al / rect / al / exam.
Finger / pertaining to / rectum / pertaining to exam
Fingers inserted into the rectum.

39
Q

Transrectal ultrasonography

A

Trans / rect / al / ultra / sono / graphy.
Through / rectum / pertaining to / high / sound / writing procedure.
Probe with sound waves inserted into the rectum.

40
Q

Vas deferens

A

Vas / De / Ferens
Vessel / away / carrying.
Vessels carrying sperm away from the testicles.

41
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Creation of sperm

42
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Glomerulo / nephr / itis

Glomerulus / kidney / inflammation

43
Q

Polycystic kidney disease

PKD

A

Poly / cyst / ic / kidney disease
Many / cyst / pertaining to
Formation of many fluid filled cysts in the kidney.

44
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Pyelo / nephr / itis
Pelvis / kidney / inflammation
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney.

45
Q

Renal cell carcinoma

A

Ren / al / cell / carcin / oma
Kidney / pertaining to / cell / cancer / tumor.
Cancer in the kidneys.

46
Q

Vesicoureteral Reflux

VUR

A

Vesico / ureter / al / re / flux
Bladder / ureter / pertaining to / back / flow.
Abnormal flow of Irvine from the bladder back into the ureters.

47
Q

Benign prostate hyperplasia

BPH

A

Benign / prostate / hyper / plas / ia
Friendly / prostate / over / formation / condition.
Noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate. Enlarged prostate.

48
Q

Diuretic

A

Di / uret / ic

Agent that causes urination.

49
Q

Fulguration

A

From Latin, for lighting

Use of electric current to destroy tissue.

Medical Term (17 decks)

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