Chapter 12 Flashcards
Glomerul/o
Glomerulus (plural: glomeruli)
Latin meaning little ball. Filters blood the little blood balls in the kidneys
Nephr/o
Ren/o
Kidney
Filter 200 qts of blood per day
Pyel/o
Renal pelvis
Pyel/o means pelvis.
Ur/o
Urin/o
Urine
Healthy urine is completely sterile and contains ammonia molecules. Urine was used to clan clothes and even whiten teeth.
Lith/o
Stone
Kidney stones are actually a build up of mineral salts and calcium.
Cyst/o
Vesic/o
Bladder
Full it’s the size of a softball. 18oz of liquid. Rarely hits its capacity. When it gets to a quarter size people say: “they can’t hold it”.
Urethr/o
Urethra
Men’s urethra is 8inches long. Women’s are 1.5 -2 inches long. This is why kidney stones are more painful for men.
Ureter/o
Ureter
Thick walled tubes about 10inches in length that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder. You have two ureters and only one urethra.
Meat/o
Opening
Meat is comes from a word meaning “to go through”. Permeate
Balan/o
Penis
Balanco meaning acorn. Also used for deadbolt locks.
Epididym/o
Epididymis
Oblong organ that sits on top of each testicle. Complete their final development and are stored.
Literally means upon the twins.
Didymis means twins.
Orch/o Orchi/o Orchid/o Test/o Testicul/o
Testicle.
Similar to orchid. The flower is named for the organ and not the other way around. Orchid was named after the testicle because it looked like a pair of testicles.
Prostat/o
Prostate
Surrounds the urethra.
Pro - (before) state - (stand)
Because it stands in front of the urinary bladder.
Sperm/o
Spermat/o
Sperm/i
Sperm
Greek meaning seed. It takes 10 weeks to produce a single sperm. They can sit in the epididymus for as long as 2 weeks before ejaculated. Can survive in the female reproductive tract for 5 days. Sperm are both male and female to determine gender of baby. Male swimmers are faster, but female swimmers are slower and stronger.
Anorchidism
Missing testicle
Cryptochidism
Hidden testicle.
Nocturnal enuresis
Nighttime involuntary urination
Orchichorea
Testicle dance
Meaning the involuntary movement or jerking of the testicles
Priapism
Greek meaning minor fertility God named Priapus. Who is always shown with a large and permanently erect penis.
Persistent and painful erection.
Azotemia
Azot / emia
Nitrogen / blood condition
Azot comes from 2 roots a (not) and zo (living). Things cannot live in it.
Meatal Stenosis
Meat / al / sten / osis
Opening / pertaining to / narrow / condition.
Narrowing of the opening of the urethra.
Nehroptosis
Nephro / osis
Kidney condition
Cystogram
Bladder record
Cystography
Bladder writing procedure
Cystoscopy
Bladder looking procedure
Renal angiogram
Ren / al / angio / graphy
Kidney / pertaining to / vessel / writing procedure.
Resectoscope
Re / secto / scope
Back / cut / instrument to look.
Instrument for examining and cutting. ( usually the prostate.)
Retrograde pyelogram
Retro / grade / pyelo / gram
Backward / walk / pelvis / record.
Using using contrast dye from the bladder to kidney.
Ureteroscopy
Uretero / scopy
Ureter / looking procedure.
The process of examining a ureter
Voiding cystourethrogram
VCUG
Voiding / cysto / urethro / gram
Urinating / bladder / urethra / record
Diuresis
Di / uresis
Through / urination
Excessive urination.
Uroxanthin
Uro / xanthin
Urine / yellow
Substance that makes it yellow.
Azoospermia
A / zoo / sperm / ia
No / living / sperm / condition
Lack of living sperm.
Hydrocele
Water / hernia
Fluid filled mass in a testicle.
Oligospermia
Oligo / sperm / ia
Low / sperm / condition.
Low sperm production.
Phimosis
From Greek, for muzzle.
Contraction of the foreskin of the penis, preventing it from being retracted.
Seminoma
Semin / oma
Sperm tumor
Type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue.
Digital rectal exam (DRE)
Digit / al / rect / al / exam.
Finger / pertaining to / rectum / pertaining to exam
Fingers inserted into the rectum.
Transrectal ultrasonography
Trans / rect / al / ultra / sono / graphy.
Through / rectum / pertaining to / high / sound / writing procedure.
Probe with sound waves inserted into the rectum.
Vas deferens
Vas / De / Ferens
Vessel / away / carrying.
Vessels carrying sperm away from the testicles.
Spermatogenesis
Creation of sperm
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulo / nephr / itis
Glomerulus / kidney / inflammation
Polycystic kidney disease
PKD
Poly / cyst / ic / kidney disease
Many / cyst / pertaining to
Formation of many fluid filled cysts in the kidney.
Pyelonephritis
Pyelo / nephr / itis
Pelvis / kidney / inflammation
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney.
Renal cell carcinoma
Ren / al / cell / carcin / oma
Kidney / pertaining to / cell / cancer / tumor.
Cancer in the kidneys.
Vesicoureteral Reflux
VUR
Vesico / ureter / al / re / flux
Bladder / ureter / pertaining to / back / flow.
Abnormal flow of Irvine from the bladder back into the ureters.
Benign prostate hyperplasia
BPH
Benign / prostate / hyper / plas / ia
Friendly / prostate / over / formation / condition.
Noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate. Enlarged prostate.
Diuretic
Di / uret / ic
Agent that causes urination.
Fulguration
From Latin, for lighting
Use of electric current to destroy tissue.
