Chapter 7 Flashcards
Michelangel
“Divine One”
Italian painter and sculpture
first western artist who’s biography was published while he was still alive.
• Italian painter, sculptor, architect, poet and engineer.
• He was apprenticed to Domenico Ghirlandaio, in
whose workshop he learned the technique of fresco
painting
“Target with Four Faces”
Jasper Johns
Medium: Encaustic on newspaper and cloth over canvas surmounted by four tinted-plaster faces in wood box with hinged front
the medium creates a thick and vibrant finish with many textures.
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Using familiar objects “gives me room to work on other levels,” he has explained. Though the target is closely linked with the acts of looking and aiming, the concentric circles of Johns’s version are obscured and the surface made tactile with encaustic—pigment mixed with beeswax—on collage
“Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel”
Michelangelo
Medium: Fresco
Scenes from the Book of Genesis
High Renaissance art. The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named.
“Creation of Adam”
Michelangelo
Medium: Fresco
Most famously known, A section from the wall of the Sistine Chapel that shows Adam reaching for the hand of God encased in angel symbolizing a brain shape.
“Man in a Red Turban (Self Portrait?)”
Jan Van Eyck
Medium: Tempura and Oil on panel
The red in the turban is more intense and so are the eyes that are created by the glazes oil.
“Girl Arranging Her Hair, (“The Bath”)”
Berthe Morisot Medium: Oil on Canvas with oil one is able to move paint as freely and as strictly as they would like. One can create very smooth details where the paint seems to flow into each other, or very prominent and fast strokes seen in the "Girl Arranging Her Hair" >Kind of creates a steamy look >Impressionist painting
“Still Life with Chair-Caning”
Picasso, Pablo
Medium: Oil and fabric on canvas, with
rope frame.
Its a coffee shop table where you can actually see the reflections of the signs and the chair through the glass. There are multiple textures created with the rope and the chair.
Secco
The art of wall painting on a dry support (wall)
Earliest Examples of a Secco Painting: Paleolithic Cave Paintings (35,000-9000 BCE) Paints were manufactured from clay or charcoal mixed with water, blood, animal fats and tree saps.
Encaustic
A paint consisting of pigment mixed with hot beeswax and resin, and fixed with heat after its application. Color is applied with a brush or hot spatula.Encaustic will not harm the paper over time as oil paint would.
Advantages:
• The wax was employed to give a gloss to the colors, and
permanence to the work. The colors stay vibrant even after
centuries.
• Build up textured surface
Disadvantage:
The thick, creamy layers do not allow the artist to overlay
colors
Mixed Media
A technique involving the use of two or more
artistic media, such as ink and pastel or painting and collage, that are combined in a
single composition
Example: “Target with Four Faces”
Fresco
A painting in which colors are applied to a wet plaster, usually a wall or ceiling. When the plaster dries, the painting is bonded to the wall. Colors can be rich and deep or pale.
Advantages:
Large scale projects
Survives for centuries
Examples: “The Sistine Chapel”
Tempera
An aqueous (water) medium with the durability of oil. Most famous emulsion is egg yolk.
Advantages:
• Retains its brilliance and clarity - Does not yellow
like oil.
• Dries quickly (also disadvantage as colors cannot be
blended easily)
• Form can be built up.
Oil
Pigment combined with oil, usually linseed.
Advantages:
• Dries very slowly
• Colors can be blended subtly, multiple layers can be
applied without danger of cracking, and an artist can
rework sections.
• An almost infinite range of consistencies/glazes.
• Increased brilliance, translucence and intensity of color.
Example: “Man in a Red Turban (Self
Portrait?)”
Watercolor
Pigment with a medium of water and gum
arabic that acts as a binder. Usually, white is not added, using thetransparent effect of
water instead.
Advantages:
Transparency
Portability
Spontaneity
Example: John Singer Sargent, Mountain Stream
Gouache
Water color with inert white pigment added.
It is opaque and dries quickly. Can also be applied in a translucent wash.
