Chapter 13 Flashcards
Gustave Eiffel
- French Engineer and constructor of bridges
- designed the Eiffel Tower
- and the highest bridge in the world at the time
- uses cast iron and shows the iron instead of hiding it.
Zaha Hadid
british Architech
“Paper Architect”
Uses design and fabrication
created Burnham Pavilion
Load Bearing Construction
walls, posts, columns, or arcades support the weight of ceilings and upper floors.
Example: “Great Friday Mosque”
Post and Lintel Construction
vertical posts supports with a horizontal element.
Example: Stonehedge
Arch and Vault (round arch, barrel vault, groin vault)
similar to the post and lintel but instead of the horizontal there is an arch allowing more viewing.
Round: regular arch
Barrel: creates a tunnel
groin: has four pathways or four barrels
Aqueduct
Channel for supplying water often underground. high arch when crossing valleys or low ground.
example: Pont-du-Gard, Nîmes, France,
Dome
hemispherical dome atop a structure
Example: Pantheon
Truss
structure that has one or more triangular units.
used in bridges or roofs.
Baloon Framing
factory cut pieces and are taken to the site to be constructed into the skeleton of the structure.
Modern form of construction
Steel
strong metal of iron alloyed with carbon
1875 steel began to replace iron.
Chicago School
Holabird and Roche
- used steel framing construction as a skeleton
- plain exterior
- large glass windows
Suspension Bridge
bridge with roadway suspended from cables that are supported by towers.
Example: Golden Gate Bridge
Reinforced Concrete
concrete in which steel is imbedded so materials act together.
Example: Sydney Opera House
Great Friday Mosque
Djenne, Mali
location: Djenne Mali
Largest mud brick/adobe building
no sunlight
Stonehenge
example of post and lintel structure
Location: Salisbury Plain,Wiltshire, England
Pantheon
Rome, Italy
“temple of the gods”
Example of a Dome Sructure
Taj Mahal
Agra, India
- Example of a Dome Structure
- acts as a tomb as well.
- constructed from white marble
- India
Byodo-in Temple
Uji, Japan
example of Post and lintel
and expanded the design by creating a bracket set which was a more sturdy structure.
Eiffel Tower
Paris, France
Cast Iron construction
worlds largest tower until 1931
Created by Gustave Eiffel
Seagram Building
New York Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson. Skyscrapper steel frame construction modern and simple look.
Sydney Opera House
Sydney Harbor, Australia
Architect: Jørn Utzon
Example of Reinforced concrete.
