Chapter 7 Flashcards
Is a numeric identifier assigned to each machine on an IP network. It designates the specific location of a device on the network. p190
IP address
What is a bit.p190
A bit is one digit, either a 1 or a 0.
What is a byte. p190
byte is 7 or 8 bits, depending on whether parity is used. For the rest of this chapter, always assume a byte is 8 bits.
What is a octet. p190
A n octet, made up of 8 bits, is just an ordinary 8-bit binary number. In this chapter, the terms byte and octet are completely interchangeable.
This is the designation used in routing to send packets to a remote network—for example, 10.0.0.0, 172.16.0.0, and 192.168.10.0. p190
Network address
Is used by applications and hosts to send information to all hosts on a network.p191
Broadcast address
You can depict an IP address using one of three methods: p191
Dotted-decimal, as in 172.16.30.56
Binary, as in 10101100.00010000.00011110.00111000 Hexadecimal, as in AC.10.1E.38
Although either type of addressing scheme can be used,_________ has been chosen for a very important reason. p191
hierarchical addressing
Is assigned to, and uniquely identifies, each machine on a network. p192
host address
For the small number of networks possessing a very large number of hosts, they created the rank. p192
Class A network
which is reserved for the numerous networks with a small number of hosts.p192
Class C network
The class distinction for networks between very large and very small is predictably called the what. p192
Class B network
Network address of all 0s. p193
Interpreted to mean “this network or segment.”
Network address of all 1s. p193
Interpreted to mean “all networks.”
Network 127.0.0.1. p193
Reserved for loopback tests. Designates the local host and allows that host to send a test packet to itself without generating network traffic.
Host address of all 0s. p194
Interpreted to mean “network address” or any host on specified network.
Host address of all 1s. p194
Interpreted to mean “all hosts” on the specified network; for example, 128.2.255.255 means “all hosts” on network 128.2 (Class B address).
Entire IP address set to all 0s. p194
Used by Cisco routers to designate the default route. Could also mean “any network.”
Entire IP address set to all 1s (same as 255.255.255.255). p194
Broadcast to all hosts on the current network; sometimes called an “all 1s broadcast” or limited broadcast.
This is designed for the purpose of creating a measure of muchneeded security, but it also conveniently saves valuable IP address space. p196
Private IP Addresses
which basically takes a private IP address and converts it for use on the Internet. p196
Network Address Translation (NAT)
what are the four IPv4 types. p198
Layer 2 broadcasts
Broadcasts (Layer 3)
Unicast
Multicast
are also known as hardware broadcasts—they only go out on a LAN, and they don’t go past the LAN boundary (router). p198
Layer 2 broadcasts
Broadcast messages are meant to reach all hosts on a broadcast domain. These are the network broadcasts that have all host bits on..p198
Broadcasts (Layer 3)
e it’s a broadcast packet that goes from 255.255.255.255 to an actual destination IP address—in other words, it’s directed to a specific host. p199
Unicast
At first glance, it appears to be a hybrid of unicast and broadcast communication, but that isn’t quite the case. p199
Multicast
