Chapter 7

Question 0

Which pleura is sensitive to painful stimulation while the other is not

Answer 0

Parietal

Question 1

The most common sites for referred pain from the pulmonary system are

Answer 1

Chest, ribs, upper trap, shoulder and thoracic spine

Question 2

In tracheobronchial pain the ____ are free of pain inner action

Answer 2

Finger bronchi and lung parenchyma , but the trachea and large bronchi can have pain

Question 3

Pleural pain feels like

Answer 3

Sharp localized pain

Question 4

What is auto splinting

Answer 4

When you lie on the painful side which reduces the pain because the movement of that side is now restricted

Question 5

The diaphragmatic pleura receives dual pain innervation from

Answer 5

The phrenic and intercostal nerves

Question 6

Damage to the phrenic nerve will cause…. Because…

Answer 6

Paralysis of the corresponding half of the diaphragm because it has both sensory and motor function

Question 7

Stimulation of the peripheral pleura of the diaphragm can refer pain to the

Answer 7

Costal margins and lumbar region

Question 8

Stimulation of the central portion of the diaphramatic pleura will refer pain to the

Answer 8

Upper trap and shoulder of the same side

Question 9

Ph should be kept in this range

Answer 9

7.35 to 7.45

Question 10

The arterial blood gas test measures

Answer 10

The amount of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood

Question 11

Acid build up occurs when there is

Answer 11

An ineffective removal of CO2 from the lungs or there is excess s acid production from the tissues

Question 12

Respiratory acidosis is

Answer 12

When there is an increase in the amount of circulating hydrogen ions due to the decreased ventilation causing a retention of CO2

Question 13

During respiratory acidosis, _____ moves out of the cels into the ______ to exchange with _____

Answer 13

Potassium, extra cellular fluid, hydrogen

Question 14

What is hyperkalemia

Answer 14

Increased circulating potassium that can cause cardiac arrest

Question 15

What is respiratory alkalosis

Answer 15

Increases respiratory rate and depth decreasing the amount of avilable CO2 and hydrogen causing increased pH

Question 16

Respiratory acidosis is due to _____ respiratory alkalosis is due to ______

Answer 16

Hypo ventilation, hyperventilation

Question 17

What is renal compensation and when does it occur

Answer 17

When respiratory alkalosis and acidosis persist for hours or days and the kidneys take over to restore normal blood pH levels by selective excretion or retention of hydrogen ions or bicarbonate

Question 18

Signs and symptoms of respiratory acidosis

Answer 18

Decreased ventilation, confusion, sleepiness, unconsciousness, diaphoresis, shallow rapid breathing, restlessness, cyanosis

Question 19

Signs and sy,proms of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 19

Hyperventilation, lightheadedness, dizziness, numbness and tinglingm syncope

Question 20

Criteria for chronic bronchitis

Answer 20

Coughs for 3 months per year for 2 consecutive years

Question 21

Bronchiectasis occurs after

Answer 21

Infections

Question 22

Dead space is present in _____ and is

Answer 22

Emphysema , areas where no gas exchange occurs

Question 23

The most common type of emphysema and what is it

Answer 23

Centrilobular, stays in the upper lung regions

Question 24

Centrilovular emphysema destroys the

Answer 24

Bronchioles

Question 25

Pan lobular emphysema destroys the

Answer 25

Alveolar walls

Question 26

Pan lobar emphysema occurs in the

Answer 26

Lower airways

Question 27

Emphysema patients have a harder time breathing out or in

Answer 27

Out

Question 28

Para septal emphysema occurs in the

Answer 28

Lower lobes of the lungs

Question 29

Pursed lip breathing in emphysema is given because

Answer 29

It maintains intrabronchial pressure and Improves the mixing of gases in the lungs

Question 30

TB is likely to be contracted when

Answer 30

There is repeated exposure to the air particles, not just a brief exposure

Question 31

Drug resistant strains of TB occur when

Answer 31

The patient doesn’t finish their prescriptions because they feel better

Question 32

BCG for TB is

Answer 32

Not very good because it’s short term

Question 33

TB severe effects on the skeleton…

Answer 33

Hip and vertebrae have arthritic changes

Question 34

The hallmark of systemic sclerosis or scleroderma is

Answer 34

Fibrosis affecting the skin and visceral organs

Question 35

Signs and symptoms of early or undiagnosed cystic fibrosis

Answer 35

Persistent cough and wheezing, recurrent pneumonia, excessive appetite with poor weight gain, salty skin, sweat, bulky foul smelling stools

Question 36

Cor pulmonale is

Answer 36

Arises from a sudden dilation of the right ventricle as a result of pulmonary embolism

Question 37

What is pleurisy

Answer 37

Inflammation of the pleura caused by infection, injury or tumor