chapter 7 (2nd lymphoid organs/lymphocyte trafficking)

Question 1

what are the primary lymphoid organs

Answer 1

bone marrow and thymus

Question 2

where do B and T cells originate

Answer 2

Bone Marrow

Question 3

in what endocrine organ do T cells develop

Answer 3

Thymus

Question 4

what are the secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 4

Lymph nodes, spleen, mucusal-associated lymphoid Tissue(MALT)

Question 5

where is mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue found

Answer 5

GI tract, Respiratory tract, Reproductive tract

Question 6

what secondary lymphoid organs have lymphoid follicles

Answer 6

ALL

Question 7

roughly how many lymph nodes are in the body

Answer 7

500-600

Question 8

where are lymphoid follicles common

Answer 8

within all SECONDARY lymphoid organs

Question 9

what type of lymphoid follicles have a loose network of follicular dendritic cells (FDC)

Answer 9

Primary

Question 10

are follicular dendritic cells and dendritic cells the same?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

what type of lymphoid follicles are rich in naive B cells or memory B cells

Answer 11

Primary

Question 12

what is referred to as an “island of FDCs in a sea of B cells”

Answer 12

Primary lymphoid follicles

Question 13

when does a primary lymphoid follicle become a secondary lymphoid follicle

Answer 13

after antigen stimulation

Question 14

what creates a germinal center

Answer 14

replication and differentiation of secondary lymphoid follicles

Question 15

what are Activated dendritic cells

Answer 15

WBC’s in bone marrow that migrate to tissues

Question 16

what do follicular dendritic cells do

Answer 16

catch and display antigen to B cells

Question 17

how does a follicular dendritic cell catch and display antigen to B cells

Answer 17

receptors bind the Fc region of antibodies

Question 18

what binds follicular dendritic cells to invaders

Answer 18

complement protein and antibodies

Question 19

what do follicular dendritic cells receptors bind to

Answer 19

complement proteins, and the Fc region of antibodies

Question 20

why do follicular dendritic cells attach to and hold opsonized antigens

Answer 20

they hold the close to each other allowing BCR’s to cluster and cross-link more easily

Question 21

once a B cell is activated in a lymph nodule, how long does it take for the number of B cells to double

Answer 21

6 hours

Question 22

what may join in with the FDC’s to activate B cells in the germinal center

Answer 22

helper T cells

Question 23

what creates a dark zone in the germinal center

Answer 23

proliferating B cells push aside other B cells

Question 24

when a B cells becomes a plasma cell in the germinal center where does it go

Answer 24

to bone marrow

Question 25

in a germinal center what fine tunes the Fab reginos

Answer 25

somatic hypermutations

Question 26

where are new mutations tested in germinal centers

Answer 26

the light zone

Question 27

where is class switching likely to occur within the germinal centers

Answer 27

the dark zone

Question 28

within the germinal centers new mutations with a lower affinity of BCR B cells die by what process and are eaten by what?

Answer 28

they die by apoptosis and are eaten by macrophages

Question 29

how to antigens enter a lymph node

Answer 29

via blood or lymph

Question 30

how does blood enter the lymph nodes

Answer 30

via an arteriole

Question 31

how does a lymphocyte leave the blood

Answer 31

enters a lymph node via high endothelial venules (HEV)

Question 32

where does lymph first enter a lymph node

Answer 32

subcapsular sinus

Question 33

what is the subcapsular sinus lined with

Answer 33

macrophages