Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is phagocytosis?
“Cell-eating”
Examples include macrophages and neutrophils that help to get rid of dead cells as well as bacteria that invades the body.
What is Autophagy?
“self eating” type of death that is not apoptotic cell death
occurs when there are damaged organelles
What is Anoikis?
Cell death (type of apoptosis) that occurs because cells become homeless.
What is necrosis?
Non-apoptotic cell death, much different than programmed cell death. (more messy)
What is a mitotic catastrophe?
Non-apoptotic cell death that occurs because mitosis did not occur correctly.
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death.
What is a protease?
Enzyme that breaks down proteins
What is a caspase?
Caspase is a protein that is involved in apoptosis (caspase cascade)
How is necrosis different than apoptosis?
Necrosis - the cell swells, and the cell membrane leaks the contents of the cytoplasm spills
Apoptosis - cell membrane blebs and the cell shrinks. Chromatin also condenses and the DNA gets fragmented. The cell membrane buds and it is engulfed.
What is a TEM vs a SEM?
Transmission electron microscope
Scanning electron microscope
What are the extracellular signals that induce cell apoptosis?
What is the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis?
What type of signal would cause this?
It is factors from the outside
What does caspases stand for?
