chapter 7

Question 1

what is an organizational structure?

Answer 1

this is the levels of management and division of responsibilities in a business

Question 2

What is an organizational chart?

Answer 2

this displays the organizational structure 

Question 3

what is hierarchy?

Answer 3

this refers to the levels of management in any organization from highest to lowest 

Question 4

what is levels of hierarchy?

Answer 4

this refers to the manager is supervisors and employees, who are all given similar responsibilities 

Question 5

what is chain of command

Answer 5

this is a structure in a business which allows information to be communicated from senior to lower levels of management 

Question 6

what is the span of control?

Answer 6

span of control is the number of subordinates working directly under a manager 

Question 7

what are the advantages of an organization chart?

Answer 7

this shows how everyone is linked together and employees are aware of which communication channel can reach them. They are aware of who they have authority over, and it shows a sense of belonging. It also shows the links and relationships between departments.

Question 8

what does a taller organizational structure mean?

Answer 8

this means that the chain of command is long, and there is a narrow span of control 

Question 9

what if there is a shorter structure?

Answer 9

The chain of command is smaller, and there is a wider span of control 

Question 10

what is delayering?

Answer 10

delayering is removing a whole section or level of management 

Question 11

what are advantages of a short chain of command?

Answer 11

Communication is quicker and more accurate leading to less mistakes which leads to decision-making being quicker. Managers can be in touch with the employees below them which builds a relationship and trust, and as well as this there are fewer management levels to know for the employee. 

Question 12

what are the advantages of a wider span of control?

Answer 12

this allows the manager to delegate tasks, showing that they do not have direct control over the worker thus the workers feel more trusted. However, the managers could lose control of what their subordinates are doing, and they can make mistakes if they are poorly trained. 

Question 13

What are the roles of management?

Answer 13

planning, organizing, controlling, coordinating, commanding 

Question 14

What is planning?

Answer 14

this is when the manager will set specific targets for the business to meet to have a sense of direction, as well as planning resources for the company 

Question 15

what is organizing

Answer 15

since the manager cannot do everything themselves, they can actually delegate tasks to other employees, as well as this they need to organize people and resources, which leads to them creating organizational charts, which shows who has authority to do certain jobs. this leads to specialization 

Question 16

what is coordinating?

Answer 16

this is when the manager ensures that all the departments are working together to achieve the set goals and plans 

Question 17

What is commanding?

Answer 17

this is when the manager guides and supervises employees making sure they follow all of their targets and deadlines 

Question 18

what is controlling?

Answer 18

this is when the manager ensures that the employees are carrying out their jobs, and they try and measure the success of individuals, if they are failing to do what they are expected to do, managers are expected to take corrective action and discipline them 

Question 19

what will happen without effective management?

Answer 19

there will be a lack of direction, no coordination or control, organization of resources won’t be as efficient which leads to less output and increased business costs 

Question 20

Who are directors?

Answer 20

Directors are senior managers, who have control over specific departments 

Question 21

Who are line managers?

Answer 21

line managers are those who have direct responsibility for those below them in the hierarchy 

Question 22

Who are supervisors?

Answer 22

supervisors are junior managers, who have control over the employees below them 

Question 23

Who are staff managers?

Answer 23

these are specialists who give support and guidance to the line managers 

Question 24

What is delegation?

Answer 24

this is when the manager allocate certain tasks to their subordinates or employees giving them authority to perform these certain tasks 

Question 25

what are the advantages of delegation for the manager?

Answer 25

managers cannot do everything themselves so by delegating, they can focus on other aspects of the business, as well as this. This allows them to easily measure the success of their employees and their performance. 

Question 26

what are the advantages of delegation for the employee?

Answer 26

this can make work more rewarding and interesting, which increases employee motivation, and as well as this the employee feels more important, and feels that the manager can trust them which contributes to employee motivation, as well as this also trains employees to do new jobs 

Question 27

Why may a manager not delegate?

Answer 27

The manager may believe that the subordinates might fail and are not ready to perform such tasks, and as well as this they may even be insecure if the employee manages to yield better results than them 

Question 28

What are the characteristics of a good manager?

Answer 28

they motivate employees. They make use of efficient resources, keeping costs low while increasing profitability, they guide and inspire employees. 

Question 29

what are leadership styles?

Answer 29

these are the approaches used for making decisions when in a position of authority, as well as dealing with other people 

Question 30

what is autocratic leadership and it’s advantages and disadvantages

Answer 30

Autocratic leadership is when the manager expects to be in charge of all business processes, and that their orders must be followed. The advantages is that there is quick decision-making, but the disadvantages is that this can motivate employees. 

Question 31

What is democratic leadership and it’s advantages and disadvantages

Answer 31

democratic leadership is when employees are involved in the decision-making process. The advantages is that it is motivating for the employee and better decisions may be made, but the disadvantages is that it takes longer for decisions to be made as well as communication, and it is more difficult to approve of unpopular decisions.

Question 32

what is the laissez faire leadership style and its advantages and disadvantages?

Answer 32

This is when the objectives of the business are known to the employees, and the managers rely on the employees to make their own decisions in accordance to these plans. The advantages is that this enables employee creativity and gives them a feeling of independence and motivation. However, this is not good for businesses which need clear decision-making, and a clear structure and plan. 

Question 33

what is a trade union?

Answer 33

A trade union is when employees join together in a group to ensure that their interests and rights are protected 

Question 34

what are the effects of employees being in a trade union?

Answer 34

This can ensure better working conditions such as environment, as well as the possibility of increased wages there may be improved job satisfaction.

Question 35

What is a closed shop?

Answer 35

this is when all of the employees must be a member of the same trade union 

Question 36

what are the disadvantages of an employee being in a trade union?

Answer 36

The employee needs to pay a sum of money to be a member, and workplace tension

Question 37

what are your advantages and disadvantages for the employers when their employees are in a trade?

Answer 37

this can improve communication between workers, and the management where wage agreements are easier to be made however, trade unions can plan strikes. If they do not get what they ask for which can impact the brand image of a company which can decrease sales and as well as this, if the business does follow, the demands of the trade union business costs can increase, if they are increasing their wages.