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Geology 120 > chapter 7 > Flashcards

chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

__ are important economic resources for lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, tin and mercury.
meteor impact sites, hydrothermal veins or marble?

A

hydrothermal veins

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2
Q

___ forces the constituents of a rock to become parallel to one another.
pressure, strain, differential stress or starch?

A

differential stress

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3
Q

__ forms when a limestone recrystallizes during metamorphism.
marble, gneiss, or coal

A

marble

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4
Q

because of the ease with which it can be split into thin flat sheets, this metamorphic rock is used for making chalkboard, pool tables, and roofs.
granite, marble, slate or quartzite?

A

slate

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5
Q

when a rock is buried to increasing depth it is subject to increasingly greater temp and pressure and will undergo ___.
contact metamorphism, shock metamorphism, or prograde metamorphism?

A

prograde metamorphism

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6
Q

the most important factors controlling the characters of metamorphic rocks include __.
temperature, pressure, water, composition of parent rock, or all or the above?

A

all of the above

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7
Q

___stress is a type of differential stress.

shearing, confining, or hydrostatic

A

shearing

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8
Q

shock metamorphism can occur as a result of __.

tsunami, earthquakes, meteor impacts or tornadoes

A

meteor impacts

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9
Q

__ is metamorphism coupled with the introduction of ions (charged atoms) from an external source.
blending, metasomatism or differentiation?

A

metasomatism

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10
Q

__ is the lowest-grade rock in progressive metamorphism.

schist, gneiss, marble or slate?

A

slate

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11
Q

__ is a very fine-grained metamorphic rock that splits along parallel planes.
slate, sandstone, or marble?

A

slate

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12
Q

the major __ classification of metamorphic rocks divides them into foliated and non-foliated groups.
crystal size, textural, mineral or genetic.

A

textural

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13
Q

the light-color layers within a typical gneiss are formed by __.
amphiboles, feldspars, olivine, or calcite?

A

feldspars

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14
Q

the deeper a rock is below the earth’s surface __.

the hotter it will be, the cooler it will be, or has no influence on temperature?

A

the hotter it will be

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15
Q

metamorphic rocks are prevalent __.

A

in intensely deformed portions of large mountain ranges, where the continental crust is subjected to high temperatures, pressures, and tectonic stress.

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16
Q

__ metamorphism takes place at considerable depth underground (generally > than 5km).
contact, regional, or burial

A

regional

17
Q

__ is produced when grains of quartz in sandstone are welded together when the rock is subjected to high temperatures.
limestone, marble,quartzite or monzonite.

A

quartzite

18
Q

the differential stress responsible for foliation can take place at __.
the gutenberg discontinuity, hydrothermal locations, or convergent boundaries.

A

convergent boundaries

19
Q

a __ is characterized by parallel - oriented minerals, commonly mica.
schist, gneiss, or amphibolite

A

schist

20
Q

the zone of contact metamorphism (the aureole), __.

is commonly broad, commonly narrow, is a thin zone, or a very thin zone.

A

commonly narrow, from 1-100 meters wide

21
Q

__ metamorphism occurs adjacent to a pluton when a body of magma intrudes a relatively cool country rock.
sedimentary, contact, igneous, regional or burial.

A

contact

22
Q

__ is pressure applied equally to all surfaces of a substance as a result of burial or submergence.
differential stress, confining pressure, strain, temperature or magnetism.

A

confining pressure

23
Q

When clay minerals in a shale are subjected to elevated temperature and pressure, they may change in the solid state (that is, without melting) to form platy minerals like ___ that are at equilibrium with the new temperature/pressure conditions.
feldspar, mica or pyroxene?

A

mica

24
Q

___ is a metamorphic rock with distinct light and dark layers that formed at high temperatures and pressures.
slate, schist, gneiss or greenstone

A

gneiss

25
Q

the most important factor in controlling the final metamorphic product is __.
composition of pre-existing rock, temp, pressure/stress,or shock

A

composition of pre-existing rock

26
Q

metamorphism may involve all of the following except__.

formation of new minerals, recrystallization, or complete melting of the rock.

A

complete melting of the rock

27
Q

__ tends to deform objects into oblong or flattened forms.

strain, differential stress, temp or pressure

A

differential stress

28
Q

__ metamorphism is the term used for the process in which rocks are altered by hot water.
aqueous, tectonic, hydrothermal, shock, or burial.

A

hydrothermal

29
Q

the 2 most common non-foliated metamorphic rocks are __ and marble
slate, gneiss, quartzite, or phyllite

A

quartzite

Geology 120 (5 decks)

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