Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is the name of the synthetic estrogen used from 1940 to 1971 to aid in pregnancy maintenance that resulted in t shaped uterus in female children?
Diethylstilbetrol
What is the genetic syndrome characterized by XO combination resulting in female with premature ovarian failure and lack of puberty?
Turners syndrome
What is gonadal dysgenesis?
Loss of primordial germ cells in the gonads of an embryo
What is adrenarche?
Increase in adrenal gland activity seen at the onset of puberty
What malignancy is derived from striated or skeletal muscle?
Rhadomyosarcoma
What is it called when someone has both male and female sexual characteristics?
Hermaphrodite
What is a pseudohermaphrodite?
An individual with external genitalia of one sex and internal organs of another sex
What is it called when start breast development at the onset of puberty?
Thelarche
What is precocious puberty?
Early onset of puberty usually before 8 years of age
What is the name for the class of tumors that originate in either the egg or the sperm?
Germ cell tumors
What is a rokitansky nodule?
A nodule projecting from a thickened cyst wall, usually ovarian in origin
What is pheochromocytoma?
Vascular tumor of the adrenal gland
What is another name for intersexual genitalia?
Ambiguos genitalia
When examining the pelvis of an infant or small child with ultrasound, which transducer is recommended?
Phased array or curvilinear in the range of 4 to 10 MHz
Motion reduction on still images while imaging children can be attained by?
Using a higher frame rate
Bladder filling for infants can usually be accomplished by bottle feeding for?
30 minutes prior to the sonographic exam
A newborn female uterus is typically _________ shaped, while a 3-month-old uterus is usually __________ shaped.
Spade, tube
The best method to visualize an adolescent vagina is by?
Trans abdominal sonography
Ovarian volume of a female under 5 years old is?
1 cm^3 or less
Ovarian cyst measuring over 9 mm in the first year of life are known as?
Macrocyst
The most common lower urinary tract tumor discovered in the pediatric community is?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
In the pediatric population, benign lesions of the lower urinary tract such as leiomyoma, fibroma and hemangioma?
Are very uncommon
What structure in the female pediatric pelvis is most affected by both malignant and benign tumors?
Vagina
An infection that can potentially affect the ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes and can cause tubo ovarian abscess, endometriosis, salpingitis, oophoritis and or pelvic peritonitis?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
The most common site of pediatric female genitalia tract tumors is the?
Ovary
A unilateral tumor that can cause precocious puberty and highly malignant is?
Embryonal carcinoma
Characteristics of turners syndrome?
Deficient ovaries, dwarfism, amenorrhea, and webbed neck
Ambiguous genitalia in neonates warrants sonography to exclude anomalies associated with?
Gonads, adrenal glands and kidneys
What is the most common ultrasound appearance of a rhabdomyosarcoma?
Homogenous with a muscle-like appearance
Where are Gartner’s duct cyst located? And what are their characteristics?
Within the vaginal wall, have a simple cystic appearance, and are both single or multiple in number
What is hematometrocolpos?
Blood in both the uterus and the vagina
What is another method of ultrasound imaging that is close to the vagina and does not require introduction of a transducer into the vagina?
Transperineal
In adolescent pelvic sonography, _________ May be required if bladder filling is not achievable by p.o. fluid intake.
Catherization
Fluid in the vagina is?
Hydrocolpos
Blood in the vagina is?
Hematocolpos
Prepubertal female uterine length?
1-3cm
What is the most common benign neoplasm?
Gartner duct cyst
