Chapter 7

Question 1

absolute pressure

Answer 1

A pressure measurement based on vacuum as the zero reference.

Question 2

absolute zero

Answer 2

The lowest temperature theoretically possible; the temperature at which all molecular motion ceases.

Question 3

conduction

Answer 3

The process of heat transfer by the propagation of vibrations of atoms in a solid and, in metals, movement of conduction electrons.

Question 4

convection

Answer 4

The process of heat transfer by molecular motion in fluids. As fast molecules mingle with slower molecules as fast molecules mingle with slower molecules, they Collide and kinetic energy is transferred from faster molecules to the slower molecules.

Question 5

kinetic theory of gases

Answer 5

The theory that kinetic energy of gas particles is a function of the internal energy of the gas, and thus the gas temperature. The kinetic theory of gases explains gas pressure in terms of the collisions of gas particles with the walls of a container.

Question 6

radiation

Answer 6

Electromagnetic waves. In heat transfer, refers specifically to electromagnetic waves in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Not to be confused with nuclear radiation, which can involve massive particles such as protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Question 7

specific heat capacity

Answer 7

The amount of heat that must be added to or removed from one gram of a substance to change its temperature 1° C (1 K)

Question 8

thermal conductivity

Answer 8

A physical property that indicates the ability of a substance to conduct heat.

Question 9

thermal equilibrium

Answer 9

The state that exists when two objects ( or an object and its environment) all right the same temperature and there is no heat flow between them.