Chapter 7 Flashcards
roman catholics
west and central europe
Eastern Orthodox
eastern europe and russia
martin luther
a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices.
selling of indulgences
buying way to heaven- get rid of sins
protestant:_________ roman catholic: ________
middle class; rural/ privilege
huguenots
french protestants; catholic minority
Thirty years war
Protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire ends with PEACE OF WESTPHALIA.1618-48) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a batlte between France and their rivals the Hapsburg’s, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire.
main ideas of Protestant Reformation
religious individualism; salvation without church
counter reformation
Catholic Church’s attempt to stop the protestant movement and to strengthen the Catholic Church
missionaries: _____
catholics
Portuguese missionaries
africa/ asia
spanish/ french missionaries
americas
russian orthodox missionaries
siberia
new england puritans
emphasized education, moral purity, and civic responsibility.
taki onqoy
dancing sickness; resistance movement; tried to hold onto Andean ideas
huaca
local gods of the andes
cofradias
church-based associations of laypeople (assimilated their own culture into Christianity) that organized community processions and festivals and made provisions for proper funerals
wahhabi Islam
Muslim movement led by Abd Al Wahhabi to try to go back to old laws of strict Muslim life, w/ Sharia and Islamic beliefs.
foundations of Wahhabi Islam
Quran and Sharia
Wan Yangming
Chinese philosopher who said it was possible to become virtuous and achieve it without following the Confucius ways, old ways, or all the education
Kaozheng
“research based on evidence” Chinese intellectual movement whose practioners emphasized the importance of evidence and analysis, applied especially towards historical documents
bhakti movement
An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular deity.
Mirabi
One of India’s most beloved bhakti poets, she helped break down the barriers of caste and tradition
sikhism
- Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak (1469-1539) in the Punjab region of northwest India
- no caste; men/ women equal
Sikhism sacred book
Guru Granth
johannes kepler
planets follow elliptical orbit
galilao
telescope
newton
universal gravitation
harrey
circulation of blood
adam smith
economic laws
immanuel kant
“daring to know”
enlightenment
A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700’s and spread to the colonies. It emphasized reason and the scientific method. Writers of the enlightenment tended to focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion. Many members of the Enlightenment rejected traditional religious beliefs in favor of Deism, which holds that the world is run by natural laws without the direct intervention of God.
Council of trent
The main instrument of the Catholic Counter-Reformation (1454-1563) at which the Catholic Church clarified doctrine and corrected abuses.
Nicholas Copernicus
helio centric
Deism
Belief in a divine being who created the cosmos but who does not intervene directly in human affairs.
matteo ricci
The most famous Jesuit missionary in China in the early modern period; active in China from 1582-1610
