Chapter 65 - Guyton Flashcards
The chemistry of digestion is simple because, in the case of all three major types of food, the same basic process of ________ is involved.
hydrolysis
Major carbohydrates in the diet.
sucrose, lactose, starches
ptyalin
alpha-amylase (secreted mainly by the parotid gland)
Represents more than 80% of the final products of carbohydrate digestion.
glucose
What is the importance of pepsin in protein digestion?
it can break down collagen, the primary binding constituent of intracellular connective tissue of meats
Within 15-30 minutes after the chyme empties from the stomach into the duodenum and mixes with pancreatic juice, virtually all the ___________ will have become digested.
carbohydrates (pancreatic juice has high amylase which will complete CHO digestion)
Lactose
glucose + galactose
Sucrose
glucose + fructose
Maltose
glucose + glucose
Where are lactase, sucrase, and maltase located?
in the enterocytes covering the intestinal microvilli brush border
Most protein digestion occurs under the influence of proteolytic enzymes from pancreatic secretion..where does this occur?
in the upper small intestine, in the duodenum and jejunum
This enzyme is important in the final stage of protein digestion occurring in the cytosol of the enterocyte (cleaving the tripeptides and dipeptides into amino acids).
peptidase
Most abundant fats of the diet.
triglycerides
Perform the detergent function for the digestion of fats.
bile salts and lecithin
The most important enzyme for the digestion of triglycerides.
pancreatic lipase