Chapter 14 - Guyton Flashcards
Blood flows at a rate of:
5 L/min
Transports blood to tissue under high pressure 100 mmHg.
aorta and arteries
Control site for blood flow and major resistance site for circulation.
arterioles
Major site of water and solute exchange between blood and tissues.
capillaries
Returns blood to the heart under low pressure, serves as reservoir for blood.
superior and inferior vena cava, veins, venules, venous sinuses
Site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
pulmonary circulation
What has the largest total cross-sectional area of the circulation?
capillaries (1000x aorta)
Velocity of blood flow from greatest to least.
Aorta>arterioles>capillaries>small veins
The majority of blood volume at any given time is located where?
in the veins
Where is the largest pressure drop in circulation?
arteriole-capillary junction
Cardiac output is mainly controlled by:
local tissue flow
Does local blood flow or cardiac output control arterial pressure?
no (nervous system and then renal for long term)
Flow (Q) through a blood vessel is determined by:
the pressure difference (P1-P2) between the two ends of a vessel and resistance (R) of the vessel
What is laminar flow?
velocity of blood in the center of the vessel is greater than toward the outer edge creating a parabolic profile (silent)
What are some causes of turbulent flow?
high velocities, sharp turns in circulation, rough surfaces in the circulation, rapid narrowing of blood vessels (makes murmurs)