Chapter 6.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which organelles are part of the endomembrane system?

A
  • nuclear envelope
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • golgi apparatus
  • lysosome
  • vesicles and vacuoles
  • plasma membrane
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2
Q

Give the functions of the endomembrane system.

A
  • synthesis of proteins
  • transport of proteins into membranes and organelles or out of the cell
  • metabolism and movement of lipids
  • detoxification of poisons
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3
Q

Which organelle accounts for more than half of the total membrane in eukaryotic cells?

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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4
Q

It refers to the network of membranous tubules and sacs of the endoplasmic reticulum.

A

cisternae

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5
Q

It refers to the internal compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum.

A

ER lumen or cisternal space

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6
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The space between the two membranes of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

A

True

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7
Q

Give the functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

A
  • synthesis of lipids
  • metabolism of carbohydrates
  • detoxification of drugs and poisons
  • storage of calcium ions
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8
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Detoxification involves addition of hydroxyl groups to drug molecules.

A

True

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9
Q

It refers to the region of the rough endoplasmic reticulum where transport vessicles bud off.

A

transitional ER

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10
Q

Which secretory proteins are covalently bonded to carbohydrates?

A

glycoproteins

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11
Q

Which proteins allow the passage of polypeptide chains (synthesized in the ribosomes of the ER membrane) into the ER lumen?

A

pore complex

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12
Q

Where do glycoproteins get assembled?

A

The glycoproteins are assembled in the ER lumen by enzymes built into the ER membrane.

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13
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Secretory proteins are transported through vesicles.

A

True

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14
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The ER membrane grows in place by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane.

A

True

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The rough ER synthesizes membrane phospholipids; enzymes of the ER membrane assemble phospholipids from precursors in the cytosol.

A

True

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16
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The Golgi Apparatus is especially extensive in cells specialized for secretion

A

True

17
Q

It refers to the flattened membranous sacs of the golgi apparatus.

A

cisternae

18
Q

Give the two sides of the golgi apparatus.

A

cis face and trans face

19
Q

Which side of the golgi apparatus is located near the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

cis face

20
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Products of the endoplasmic reticulum are usually modified during their transit from the cis region to the trans region of the golgi apparatus.

A

True

21
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Membrane phospholipids may also be altered in the golgi.

A

True

22
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Pectins and other noncellulose polysaccharides are made in the golgi apparatus.

A

True

23
Q

It states that the cisternae of the golgi apparatus progress forward from the cis to the trans face, carrying and modifying their contents as they move.

A

True