Chapter 6 Vocabulary - Body Systems Flashcards
provides the basic framework of the body; protects, shapes, and gives support to the body, source of attachment for muscles; stores minerals and manufactures blood cells
skeletal system
muscles contract and relax to allow external body movement and production of the body’s heat; internal muscles work to move food along the digestive track and keep the heart beating
muscular system
provides a communication system for the body; response to both internal and external stimuli
nervous system
controls growth; stimulates sexual development; regulates use of calcium; aids in regulating the body’s water balance; produces insulin
endocrine system
produces new life
reproductive system
carries life-sustaining substances, such as nutrients and oxygen, throughout the body; carries away waste materials; maintains a balance between intracellular and extracellular fluids
circulatory system
takes food in, breaks it down, and converts it to substances the body needs to sustain life; provides a means for the body to eliminate solid wastes
digestive system
brings oxygen into the body that is transported to all the cells; the waste product, carbon dioxide, is picked up and exhaled
respiratory system
provides nutrients, drains body fluids, and absorbs fats
lymphatic system
protects the body from disease and harmful substances
immune system
provides the body protection; includes skin, hair, and nails
integumentary system
what is the appendicular skeleton
the bones of the upper and lower extremities; includes arms, hands, legs, feet, shoulder, hips
axial skeleton
bones of the cranium, face, spinal column, ribs, and sternum; the axial skeleton is the framework for the head and trunk of the body
osseous bone
composed of connective tissues
cancellous (spongy) bone
consists of meshwork of interconnecting bone called trabecular
trabeculae
meshwork of interconnecting bone
compact
strong and hard section of the bone
osteoclasts
cells in the compact bone
osteoblasts
bone-building cells
periosteum
layer of tough fibrous tissues
red bone marrow
inside spaces of cancellous bone
yellow bone marrow
contains mainly fat cells and is found in the center shafts of long bones
cartilage
where bones join and form part of a structure like the nose and ears
what is osteoporosis?
the loss of bony material, thus leaving the bones brittle and soft
