Chapter 6 Urinary System Flashcards
1
Q
Ammonia
A
Toxic breakdown of amino acids
2
Q
Bladder
A
Hollow sac that holds fluid, for example, urine or bike
3
Q
Excretion
A
Removal of waste products of metabolism out of the body
4
Q
Excrete
A
To pass out the body the waste products of metabolism
5
Q
Kidney
A
Organ of excretion
6
Q
Nephrectomy
A
Surgical removal of a kidney
7
Q
Nephrology
A
Medical specialty of diseases of the kidney
8
Q
Nephrologist
A
Medical specialist in diseases of the kidney
9
Q
Nitrogenous
A
Containing or generating nitrogen
10
Q
Renal
A
Pertaining to the kidney
11
Q
Urea
A
End product of nitrogen metabolism
12
Q
Urethra
A
Canal leading from the bladder to outside
13
Q
Urethral
A
Pertaining to the urethra
14
Q
Urethritis
A
Inflammation of the urethra
15
Q
Ureter
A
Tube that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder
16
Q
Ureteral
A
Pertaining to the ureter
17
Q
Urine
A
Fluid and dissolved substances excreted by the kidney
18
Q
Urinary
A
Pertaining to urine
19
Q
Urinate
A
To pass urine
20
Q
Urination
A
The act of passing urine
21
Q
Urology
A
Medical specialty of disorders of the urinary system
22
Q
Urologist
A
Medical specialist in disorders of the urinary system
23
Q
Urological
A
Pertaining to urology
24
Q
Calyx
A
Funnel-shaped structure
25
Cortex
Outer portion of an organ
26
Cortical
Pertaining to the cortex
27
Filtrate
ThAt which has passed through a filter
28
Filter
A porous substance through which liquid or gas is passed to separate out contained particles; or to use a filter
29
Filtration
Process of passing liquid through a filter
30
Glomerulus
Plexus of capillaries, part of the nephron
31
Glomerular
Pertaining to or affecting a glomerulus or glomeruli
32
Hilum
The part where the nerves and blood vessels enter or leave an organ
33
Loop of Henle
Part of the renal tube where reabsorption occurs
34
Medulla
Central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex
35
Nephron
Filtration unit of the kidney (glomerulus + renal tube)
36
Pelvis
A cup shaped cavity, as in the pelvis of a kidney
37
Peritubular
Surrounding a small renal tubules
38
Permeable
Allowing passage of substances through a membrane
39
Semipermeable
Freely permeable to water but not solutes
40
Impermeable
When nothing is allowed passage
41
Reabsorption
The taking back into the blood of substances that had previously been filled out from it
42
Renin
Enzyme secrets by the kidney that causes vasoconstriction
43
Calculus
Small stone
44
Extracorporeal
Outside the body
45
Hydronephrosis
Dilation of the pelvis and Calyces of a kidney
46
Hydronephrotic
Pertaining to or suffering from the dilation. Of the pelvis and Calyces of the kidney
47
Lithotripsy
Crushing stones by sound waves
48
Lithotripter
Instrument that generates sound waves
49
Nephrolithiasis
Presence of a kidney stone
50
Nephrolithotomy
Incision for removal of a kidney stone
51
Nephroscope
Endoscope to view the inside of a kidney
52
Nephroscopy
Visual examination of the kidney
53
Peristalsis
Waves of alternate contraction and relaxation along a tube to move its contents onward
54
Peristaltic
Pertaining to peristalsis
55
Pyelogram
X-ray image of renal pelvis and ureters
56
Reflux
Backward flow
57
Spasmodic
Having intermittent spasms or contractions
58
Ureteroscope
Endoscope to view the inside of the ureter
59
Ureteroscopy
Examination of the ureter
60
Dialysis
An artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials and water from the body
61
Diuretic
Agent that increases Urine output
62
Diuresis
Excretion of large volumes of urine
63
Glomerulonephritis
Infection of the glomeruli of the kidney
64
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
65
Interstitial
Pertaining to the spaces between cells in a tissue or organ
66
Nephritis
Inflammation of the kidney
67
Nephropathy
Any disease of the kidney
68
Nephrotic syndrome
Glomerular disease with marked loss of protein
69
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
70
Wilms tumor
Nephroblastoma
Cancerous kidney tumor of childhood
71
Anuria
Absence of urine production
72
Azotemia
Excess nitrogenous waste products in the blood
73
Hemodialysis
An artificial method of filtration to remove excess wast materials and water directly from the blood
74
Implant
To insert material into tissues or the material inserted into tissue
75
Oliguria
Scanty production of urine
76
Polycystic
Composed of many cysts
77
Sibling
Brother or sister
78
Transplant
The act of transferring tissue from one person to another
79
Uremia
The complex of symptoms arising from renal failure
80
Enuresis
Bed-wetting, urinary incontinence
81
Meatus
The external opening of a passage
82
Micturition
Act of passing urine
83
Micturate
Pass urine
84
Reflex
An involuntary response to a stimulus
85
Sphincter
Band of muscle that encircles an opening, when the muscle contracts, the opening squeezes closed
86
Void
To evacuate urine or feces
87
Cystitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
88
Cystopexy
Surgical procedure to support the urinary bladder
89
Cystoscope
An endoscope inserted to view the inside of the bladder
90
Cystoscopy
The process of using a cystoscope
91
Dysuria
Difficulty or pain with urination
92
Frequency
The number of times something happens in a given time
93
Idiopathic
Pertaining to a disease of unknown etiology
94
Incontinence
Inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces
95
Incontinent
Denoting incontinence
96
Kegel exercises
Contraction and relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles to improve urethral and rectal sphincter function
97
Portal
The vein that brings blood from the intestines to the liver
98
Pyelitis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis
99
Retention
A holding info what should normally be discharged
100
Stage
A description of the distribution and extent of dissemination of a cancer disease process
101
Suprapubic
Above the symphysis pubis
102
Cast
A cylindrical mold formed by materials In kidney tubules
103
Cystourethrogram
X-ray imaging during voiding to show structure and function of bladder and urethra
104
Glycosuria
Presence of glucose in urine
105
Ketone
Chemical formed in uncontrolled diabetes or in starvation
106
Ketosis
Excess production of ketones
107
Ketoacidosis
Excess production of ketones, making the blood acidic
108
Nitrite
Chemical formed in urine by escherichia coli (e.coli) and other microorganisms
109
Proteinuria
Presence of protein in urine
110
Retrograde
Reversal of normal flow, for example, back from the bladder into the ureters
111
Urinalysis
Examination of the urine to separate it into its elements and define their kind and/or quantity
112
Amino acid
The basic building block for protein
