chapter 6- transport in humans

Question 1

what are the components of blood?

Answer 1

RBC, WBC, plasma and platelets

Question 2

what is the plasma made out of?

Answer 2

water, proteins, mineral salts, food substances, waste products and hormones.

Question 3

what is the function of plasma?

Answer 3

to transport soluble food substances, carbon dioxide and hormones.

Question 4

what is the platelets made out of?

Answer 4

it is a membrane that are fragments of cytoplasm.

Question 5

what is the function of platelets?

Answer 5

it converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin threads which trap RBC, causing blood clotting.

Question 6

what are the characteristics of a white blood cell?

Answer 6

it has an irregular shape and a nucleus, colourless and is flexible to squeeze through the walls of thin blood capillaries.

Question 7

what are the two white blood cells?

Answer 7

phagocytes and lymphocytes

Question 8

what is the function of a phagocyte?

Answer 8

it engulfs and ingests pathogens/ foreign particles/ bacteria

Question 9

what is the function of antibodies (lymphocytes)?

Answer 9

it binds the bacteria which causes the bacteria membrane to rupture and clumps it together with itself. it also neutralises toxins produced by bacteria.

Question 10

where does the digested food products go to and from?

Answer 10

it goes from the blood capillaries of the small intestine to the hepatic portal vein where it would then be transport to the rest of the body.

Question 11

where does the excretory products go to and from?

Answer 11

it goes from the tissues (i.e: liver) and it goes to the excretory organs for removal, like the kidney.

Question 12

where does the hormones go to and from?

Answer 12

it goes from the glands that produces them to targeted cells or organs like the liver and muscle.

Question 13

where does the carbon dioxide go to and from?

Answer 13

it goes from the respiring tissues to the lungs for gaseous exchange.

Question 14

is the pulmonary…connected to the lungs, heart or the rest of the body?

Answer 14

lungs.

Question 15

is the coronary… connected to the lungs, heart or the rest of the body?

Answer 15

heart.

Question 16

is the hepatic…connected to the lungs, heart or the rest of the body?

Answer 16

none. it is connected to the liver.

Question 17

is the renal…connected to the lungs, heart or the rest of the body?

Answer 17

none. it is connected to the kidneys.

Question 18

what is the function of the artery?

Answer 18

it carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Question 19

what is the function of the veins?

Answer 19

it carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Question 20

is the pressure highest in the artery, veins or capillaries?

Answer 20

the artery.

Question 21

is the pressure highest in the artery, veins or capillaries?

Answer 21

the veins.

Question 22

why is there valves present in the veins?

Answer 22

to prevent backflow of blood.

Question 23

where does diffusion occur? (in the artery, capillaries or veins?)

Answer 23

the capillaries.

Question 24

what is the cycle of the blood flow between the heart, lungs and the rest of the body?

Answer 24

heart, pulmonary artery, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, to the rest of the body, then to the vena cava, right atrium to the right ventricle to the pulmonary vein back to the lungs.

Question 25

what is the pulmonary circuit between?

Answer 25

lungs and heart.

Question 26

what is the systematic circuit between?

Answer 26

heart and the rest of the body.