Chapter 6 – The Cell

Question 0

Digestion

Answer 0

The breakdown of absorbed substances

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

The transport of dissolved substances into cells

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

The breakdown of food molecules with a release of energy

Question 3

Excretion

Answer 3

The removal of soluble waste materials

Question 4

Egestion

Answer 4

The removal of nonsoluble waste materials

Question 5

Secretion

Answer 5

The release of biosynthesized substances

Question 6

Homeostasis

Answer 6

Maintaining the status quo

Question 7

Reproduction

Answer 7

Producing more cells

Question 8

Cytology

Answer 8

The study of cells

Question 9

Each cell must perform how many main functions?

Answer 9

Each cell must perform at least 11 main functions in order to support and maintain life.

Question 10

What are the 11 main functions of a cell?

Answer 10

Absorption, digestion, respiration, biosynthesis, excretion, egestion, secretion, movement, irritability, homeostasis, and reproduction.

Question 11

Cell wall

Answer 11

A rigid structure on the outside of certain cells, usually plant and bacteria cells

Question 12

Middle Lamella

Answer 12

To thin film between the cell walls of adjacent cells

Question 13

Plasma membrane

Answer 13

The semipermeable membrane between the cell content and either the cell wall or the cell’s surroundings

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 15

Ions

Answer 15

Substances in which at least one atom has an imbalance of protons and electrons

Question 16

Cytoplasmic Streaming

Answer 16

The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell’s contents

Question 17

Mitochondria

Answer 17

The organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy

Question 18

Lysosome

Answer 18

The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, polysaccharides, disaccharides, and some lipids

Question 19

Ribosomes

Answer 19

Non-membrane-bounded organelles responsible for protein synthesis

Question 20

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 20

An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes that performs several tasks within a cell

Question 21

Smooth ER

Answer 21

ER that has no Ribosomes

Question 22

Rough ER

Answer 22

ER that is dotted with ribosomes

Question 23

Leucoplasts

Answer 23

Organelles that store starches or oils

Question 24

Chromoplats

Answer 24

Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis

Question 25

Central vacuole

Answer 25

A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of solutes

Question 26

Waste vacuoles

Answer 26

Vacuoles that contain the waste products of digestion

Question 27

Phagocytosis

Answer 27

The process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells

Question 28

Phagocytic vacuole

Answer 28

Hey vacuole that holds the matter which a cell engulfs