Chapter 6 (The Americans) 2014

Question 1

Invented the typewriter

Answer 1

Christopher Sholes

Question 2

First successfully used a steam engine to remove oil from beneath the earths surface

Answer 2

Edwin L. Drake

Question 3

Ran the American Railway Union and later ran for president several times as a socialist

Answer 3

Eugene V. Debs

Question 4

Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits

Answer 4

Andrew Carnigie

Question 5

organized coal miners, their wives, and their children to fight for better working conditions

Answer 5

Mary Harris “Mother” Jones

Question 6

created trusts and was criticized as a robber baron while serving as head of the Standard Oil Company

Answer 6

John D. Rockefeller

Question 7

perfected the incandescent lightbulb, created an electrical power system, and organized power plants

Answer 7

Thomas Alva Edison

Question 8

developed a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel

Answer 8

Henry Bessemer

Question 9

opened the way for worldwide communications with invention of the telephone

Answer 9

Alexander Graham Bell

Question 10

railroad car mogul who built a town to house his employees

Answer 10

George M. Pullman

Question 11

Which of the following MOST allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers

a. electricity
b. steel beams
c. railroads
d. the telephone

Answer 11

a. electricity

Question 12

Why was Pullman, Illinois, an unusual town?

a. It had one main industry
b. It specialized in a regional product.
c. It owed its prosperity to the railroads
d. It was built by a company to house its workers

Answer 12

d. It was built by a company to house its workers

Question 13

Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?

a. hard work
b. industrialization
c. government regulation
d. the accumulation of wealth

Answer 13

c. government regulation

Question 14

In which of the following places did 146 female workers die in a fire?

a. Haymarket Square
b. the Pullmen factory
c. the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
d. Carnegie Steel’s Homestead Plant

Answer 14

c. the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory

Question 15

Why were Scabs unpopular with striking workers during the late 1800’s

a. They were socialists
b. They were federal troops
c. They were part of management
d. They were workers used to break strikes.

Answer 15

d. They were workers used to break strikes

Question 16

What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800.s

a. cheap electric power
b. fire safety standards
c. the invention of the elevator
d. new methods of making steel

Answer 16

d. new methods of making steel

Question 17

What did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800.s?

a. corruption
b. monopolies
c. competition
d. interstate commerce

Answer 17

c. competition

Question 18

Who organized the Industrial Workers of the World?

a. radical unionists and socialists
b. female workers in the dressmaking trade
c. railroad workers both skilled and unskilled
d. African-Americans workers, both skilled and unskilled

Answer 18

a. radical unionists and socialists

Question 19

Which of the following resulted from the investigation of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory?

a. the imprisonment of company officials
b. the passage of the Sherman act
c. the adoption of equal wages for men and women
d. changes in local labor laws for men and women

Answer 19

d. changes in local labor laws for men and women

Question 20

What was the goal of the Interstate Commerce Act?

a. To build new railroads
b. to destroy the railroad industry
c. to lower excessive railroad rates
d. to increase the power of railroads

Answer 20

c. to lower excessive railroad rates

Question 21

The main purpose of the company known as Credit Mobilier was to

a. build the transcontinental railroad
b. steal the railroad money for its shareholders
c. obtain a monopoly of the railroad industry.
d. obtain political positions for its shareholders

Answer 21

b. steal the railroad money for its shareholders

Question 22

All of the following factors contributed to the immense industrial boom of the early 1900.s EXCEPT

a. a wealth of natural resources
b. government support for business
c. a growing urban population
d. the emergence of the middle class.

Answer 22

d. the emergence of the middle class

Question 23

Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large percentage of the steel industry by doing all of the following EXCEPT

a. buying out his suppliers
b. cutting the quality of his products.
c. buying out his competitors
d. underselling his competitors

Answer 23

b. cutting the quality of his products

Question 24

The Sherman Anti-trust Act

a. outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade.
b. was supported by millionaire industrialists.
c. was used by labor unions to fight for workers’ rights
d. encouraged the establishment of large-scale business

Answer 24

a. outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade

Question 25

The Great Strike of 1877 took place in the

a. steel industry
b. textile industry
c. railroad industry
d. coal mining industry

Answer 25

c. railroad industry

Question 26

In the late 1800’s collective bargaining awasa technique used to

a. expand industry
b. win workers’ rights
c. restrict labor unions.
d. organize labor unions.

Answer 26

b. win workers’ rights

Question 27

The use of standardized time and time zones was introduced in order to benefit

a. telephone and telegraph operators
b. railroad companies and train travelers.
c. manufacturers who dealt in interstate trade
d. factory owners whose workers had set schedules

Answer 27

b. railroad companies and train travelers

Question 28

Social Darwinism was used to justify all of the following except

a. the existence of poverty
b. the success of big business
c. the power of millionaire industrialists
d. government regulations of business

Answer 28

d. government regulations of business

Question 29

Vertical integration, a business strategy used by steel mogul Andrew Carnegie, involves

a. buying out raw material producers and distributors.
b. merging with companies producing similar products.
c. forming trusts
d. using new methods to increase production

Answer 29

a. buying out raw material producers and distributors

Question 30

The interstate commerce act gave the right to supervise railroad activities to

a. the federal government
b. railroad company officials
c. farmers’ groups such as the Grange
d. a select committee of wealthy industrialists

Answer 30

a. the federal government