Chapter 6 (The Americans) 2014 Flashcards
Invented the typewriter
Christopher Sholes
First successfully used a steam engine to remove oil from beneath the earths surface
Edwin L. Drake
Ran the American Railway Union and later ran for president several times as a socialist
Eugene V. Debs
Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits
Andrew Carnigie
organized coal miners, their wives, and their children to fight for better working conditions
Mary Harris “Mother” Jones
created trusts and was criticized as a robber baron while serving as head of the Standard Oil Company
John D. Rockefeller
perfected the incandescent lightbulb, created an electrical power system, and organized power plants
Thomas Alva Edison
developed a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel
Henry Bessemer
opened the way for worldwide communications with invention of the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
railroad car mogul who built a town to house his employees
George M. Pullman
Which of the following MOST allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers
a. electricity
b. steel beams
c. railroads
d. the telephone
a. electricity
Why was Pullman, Illinois, an unusual town?
a. It had one main industry
b. It specialized in a regional product.
c. It owed its prosperity to the railroads
d. It was built by a company to house its workers
d. It was built by a company to house its workers
Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?
a. hard work
b. industrialization
c. government regulation
d. the accumulation of wealth
c. government regulation
In which of the following places did 146 female workers die in a fire?
a. Haymarket Square
b. the Pullmen factory
c. the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
d. Carnegie Steel’s Homestead Plant
c. the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
Why were Scabs unpopular with striking workers during the late 1800’s
a. They were socialists
b. They were federal troops
c. They were part of management
d. They were workers used to break strikes.
d. They were workers used to break strikes
What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800.s
a. cheap electric power
b. fire safety standards
c. the invention of the elevator
d. new methods of making steel
d. new methods of making steel
What did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800.s?
a. corruption
b. monopolies
c. competition
d. interstate commerce
c. competition
Who organized the Industrial Workers of the World?
a. radical unionists and socialists
b. female workers in the dressmaking trade
c. railroad workers both skilled and unskilled
d. African-Americans workers, both skilled and unskilled
a. radical unionists and socialists
Which of the following resulted from the investigation of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory?
a. the imprisonment of company officials
b. the passage of the Sherman act
c. the adoption of equal wages for men and women
d. changes in local labor laws for men and women
d. changes in local labor laws for men and women
What was the goal of the Interstate Commerce Act?
a. To build new railroads
b. to destroy the railroad industry
c. to lower excessive railroad rates
d. to increase the power of railroads
c. to lower excessive railroad rates
The main purpose of the company known as Credit Mobilier was to
a. build the transcontinental railroad
b. steal the railroad money for its shareholders
c. obtain a monopoly of the railroad industry.
d. obtain political positions for its shareholders
b. steal the railroad money for its shareholders
All of the following factors contributed to the immense industrial boom of the early 1900.s EXCEPT
a. a wealth of natural resources
b. government support for business
c. a growing urban population
d. the emergence of the middle class.
d. the emergence of the middle class
Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large percentage of the steel industry by doing all of the following EXCEPT
a. buying out his suppliers
b. cutting the quality of his products.
c. buying out his competitors
d. underselling his competitors
b. cutting the quality of his products
The Sherman Anti-trust Act
a. outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade.
b. was supported by millionaire industrialists.
c. was used by labor unions to fight for workers’ rights
d. encouraged the establishment of large-scale business
a. outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade
The Great Strike of 1877 took place in the
a. steel industry
b. textile industry
c. railroad industry
d. coal mining industry
c. railroad industry
In the late 1800’s collective bargaining awasa technique used to
a. expand industry
b. win workers’ rights
c. restrict labor unions.
d. organize labor unions.
b. win workers’ rights
The use of standardized time and time zones was introduced in order to benefit
a. telephone and telegraph operators
b. railroad companies and train travelers.
c. manufacturers who dealt in interstate trade
d. factory owners whose workers had set schedules
b. railroad companies and train travelers
Social Darwinism was used to justify all of the following except
a. the existence of poverty
b. the success of big business
c. the power of millionaire industrialists
d. government regulations of business
d. government regulations of business
Vertical integration, a business strategy used by steel mogul Andrew Carnegie, involves
a. buying out raw material producers and distributors.
b. merging with companies producing similar products.
c. forming trusts
d. using new methods to increase production
a. buying out raw material producers and distributors
The interstate commerce act gave the right to supervise railroad activities to
a. the federal government
b. railroad company officials
c. farmers’ groups such as the Grange
d. a select committee of wealthy industrialists
a. the federal government
