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Ant - 9G - Science > Chapter 6 - Test Prep > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Test Prep Flashcards

1
Q

Vocab: Chemical Bond aka “Bond”

A

When 2 or more atoms attach to each other through interactions of electrons.

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2
Q

Vocab: Valence

A

The outermost electrons

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3
Q

Vocab: Lewis Diagrams/Lewis Structure

A

Aka “EDD”. A way of drawing only the valence electrons of an atom

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4
Q

Vocab: Ion

A

An Atom w/ a charge

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5
Q

Vocab: Anion

A

a negative ion

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6
Q

Vocab: Cation

A

a positive ion

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7
Q

Vocab: ionic bond

A

a bond between a metal cation & non-metal anion

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8
Q

Vocab: ionization energy

A

The energy needed to remove an electron from an atom

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9
Q

Vocab: Crystal Lattice

A

A highly organized, alternating structure of ionic bonded molecule

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10
Q

What is the difference between an atom and an ion?

A

Atom has no charge and the ion does

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11
Q

Understand the nature of ionic bonds: What two types of atoms do ionic bonds from between?

A

(+) cation & (-) anion

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12
Q

Understand the nature of ionic bonds: Describe the nature of how electrons become a pair?

A

One gives an e- one gets an e-

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13
Q

Drawing Lewis Diagrams/structures of atoms AND those same atoms as they become ions: Draw Sodium as an Atom

A

Atom: NA (dot over top)
Ion: Na +1

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14
Q

Writing Chemical Formulas when given the ionic compound name and Naming Ionic compounds when given chemical formulas. What is the naming rule:

A

Cation
Anion + “idle”

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15
Q

Vocab: Covalent Bond

A

An attraction between 2 or more atoms caused by sharing electrons

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16
Q

Vocab: There are 2 Types of covalent bonds, based on how equally the shared electrons are actually “shared”

A

Polar Covalent Bond
Non-Polar Covalent Bond

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17
Q

Vocab: What is a Polar Covalent Bond

A

Unequal sharing (Asymmetrical Compounds)

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18
Q

Vocab: What is a Non-Polar Covalent Bond

A

Equal Sharing (Symmetrical Compounds)

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19
Q

Vocab: Single Bond

A

When 2 atoms share 2 electrons

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20
Q

Vocab: Double Bond

A

When 2 atoms share 4 electrons

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21
Q

Vocab: Triple Bond

A

When 2 atoms share 6 electrons

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22
Q

Vocab: Diatomic Molecule

A

A Molecule w/ 2 of the same atoms (eg: Br2, Cl2, O2, H2)

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23
Q

What two types of atoms do covalent bonds form between?

A

2 Non-Metals

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24
Q

Describe the nature of how electrons become a pair?

A

Sharing

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25
Q

how electrons become pairs different from ionic bonds?

A

sharing vs. giving/taking

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26
Q

Vocab: Describe: “Sea of Electrons”

A

if non-metals are around to accept the electrons the metal wants to give away, the metals give their e-‘s up anayway. and these float all around the metals. It is therefor said that metals exist in a “sea of electrons”.

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27
Q

Vocab: Alloy

A

A substance made from 2 materials, 1 of which must be a metal

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28
Q

Vocab: Metallic Bond

A

Related to the metal cation and the “sea of electrons” given up by all of the metals

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29
Q

Things to know: What is “Hydroxide”

A

The name of an anion of Oxygen and Hydrogen. “HO-“ tthis anoin has it’s own name because it is so common

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30
Q

Which elements on the periodic table represent a stable electron configuration without losing or gaining electrons?

A

8A Noble Gases

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31
Q

Why do atoms tend to gain or lose electrons?

A

to have a stable valance ring

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32
Q

What are used to represent valence electrons in a Lewis Dot Diagram

A

Dots

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33
Q

Ionization tends to increase as you _____________ the period table

A

Move left to right

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34
Q

In an ionic bond, what are transfered?

A

valence electron

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35
Q

What does a subscript represent?

A

The number of atoms before the subscript

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36
Q

A molecule is more than one atom in a ______________ bond

A

covalent

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37
Q

A bond with metal and a nonmetal is a _____________ bond

A

ionic

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38
Q

A bond with nonmetal and a nonmetal is a ___________ bond

A

covalent

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39
Q

A bond with a metal and a metal is a __________________ bond

40
Q

A dash in a “structural formula” can be used to represent what type of bond?

A

single covalent

41
Q

In a polar covalent bond, ______________ are not shared equally. Polar molecules have a ________________ boiling point.

A

electrons
higher

42
Q

Copper forms this type of ion.

A

Positive (cation)

43
Q

Transition metals form many differing __________ ions

44
Q

The prefix “di-“ represents

45
Q

A positive ion is called a _________

46
Q

A negative ion is called a __________

47
Q

Metals are good conductors of electricity because____________ are free to move between them

48
Q

An alloy of mainly copper is ____________?

49
Q

______________ compounds form brittle solids (Covalent or ionic)

50
Q

In an ionic compound, the suffix ____________ is added to the nonmetal

51
Q

In an ionic compound the sum of the charges of all cations and anions must equal equal _______

52
Q

To produce stainless steel, these must be added to the:

A

Manganese, sulfur, carbon/silicon, phosphorous, Chromium

53
Q

Which group has as a stable electron configuration

54
Q

A dot diagram shows an elements symbols and the number of

A

valence e-s

55
Q

Atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a_____________________

A

full/empty outer level

56
Q

Which metals are the most reactive:

A

Alkali Metal’s - Francium

57
Q

Which NONmetals are the most reactive:

A

Halogens - Flourine

58
Q

A Type of bond in which elements are transferred

59
Q

metals that form positive ions are called

60
Q

nonmetals form negative ions called

61
Q

An ionic bond is between a ___________ and a _________

A

Metal
Non-Metal

62
Q

Ionic compounds tend to do what when struck with a hammer

A

“Shatter”

63
Q

Metallic compounds tend to do what when struck with a hammer

A

Only “Dent”

64
Q

In an ionic bond, which element is written first in the formula

65
Q

What type of lattice due ionic compounds form?

66
Q

In NaCL, what is the ratio of sodium atoms to chroline atoms

A

1 to 1
(1|1)

67
Q

What is the name of NaCL compound?

A

Sodium Chloride

68
Q

In Sodium Chloride, what do you add to the nonmetal to get the name?

69
Q

In CaCl2, what is the ratio of calcium atoms to chlorine atoms?

A

1 to 2
(1|2)

70
Q

What does the subscript 2 mean in CaCl2?

A

there are 2 atoms of Cl

71
Q

In an ionic compound the sum of the charges must________

A

balance out

72
Q

What are molecules?

A

Cluster of atoms which are bonded together

73
Q

Molecules only contains what type of elements?

A

Non-Metals

74
Q

If two atoms of the same nonmetal element react, they are often called?

75
Q

What do the dashes represent in a chemical formula?

76
Q

How do you draw a molecule with a double bond?

77
Q

How do you draw a molecule with a triple bond?

78
Q

A polar bond occurs because:

A

unequal sharing of shared electrons

79
Q

What is about the shape of a polar bond?

80
Q

What does:
Mono
Di
Tri
Mean?

81
Q

This bond forms from the attraction between a metal cation and shared pool of electrons

82
Q

A Metalic bond, formed from the attraction between a metal cation and shared pool of electrons allows metal to _______________ electricity

83
Q

What does ductile mean?

A

drawn into wire

84
Q

Convert to names or names to formulas:

P2O5

A

diPhosphorus Pentoxide

85
Q

Convert to names or names to formulas:
K3N

A

Potassium Nitride

86
Q

Convert to names or names to formulas:

Boron Bromide

87
Q

Convert to names or names to formulas:

Carbon Tetrachloride

88
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

Al2S3

89
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

CF4

90
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

NO2

91
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

NH3

92
Q

Hi

93
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

N2

94
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

Na2N

95
Q

Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I):

CO

Ant - 9G - Science (4 decks)

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