Chapter 6 Test Flashcards
What type of bone forms most of the epiphysis of long bones and consists of trabeculae that surround spaces filled with red bone marrow?
Spongy
Which 3 bones fuse together to form the hip bones?
Ilium, ischium, pubis
What name is given to the formation of bone?
Ossification
Which bone is the only movable one in the skull?
Mandible
The ribs and cranial bones are classified as what type of bone?
Flat
As the skeletal system ages, bones become ______ brittle, ______ calcium, ______ mass, and ______ collagen fiber production.
More, lose, lose, decrease
What condition results from a sideways bending of the vertebral column?
Scoliosis
What are the units of structure in compact bone with little space between them?
Osteon
In a typical long bone, what type if cartilage is the articular cartilage composed of?
Hyaline
What bones make up the pectoral girdle?
Scapula and clavicle
Yellow bone marrow is located in the ______ of a bone and consists mainly of _____.
Diaphysis, adipost
Compared to a male skeleton, bones of a female skeleton are (lighter, heavier), have (more, less) prominent markings for muscle attachment, have (larger, smaller) articular ends, and have a pelvis that is (wider, shallower)
Lighter, less, smaller, wider and shallower
What bone disorder occurs when bone destruction outpaces bone formation due to the depletion of calcium?
Osteoporosis
What name is given to the 7 pairs if rubs that attach directly to the sternum by means of costal cartilage?
True ribs
What name is given to the center if an osteon that carries blood vessels longitudinally through the bone?
Central Haversian canal
What bone is the largest, strongest, and heaviest?
Femur
What name is given to the shaft of a bone?
Diaphysis
The bones of the thighs, forearms, and fingers are classified as what type of bone?
Long bone
What is the neck vertebrae called?
Cervical
In an osteon, what name is given to the rings of hard, calcified matrix that surrounds the central canal?
Concentric canal
In an osteon, what name is given to the tiny channels connecting the central canal to lacunae?
Canaliculi
What is the hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes?
Foramen magnum
Where does bone growth occur in a long bone?
Epiphyseal plate
The nasal bone, maxilla, and mandible are part of what group of bones?
Facial
What method of ossification forms most bones?
Endochondral
Cleft palate occurs when what bones fail to unite?
Maxillae
What is the region of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis?
Metaphysis
Which bone located under the jaw does not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid
What are the scroll-like bones in the nasal cavity whose job it is to filter air before it gets to the lungs?
Conchae
What are the “soft spots” in the cranium of a child that are not yet completely ossified?
Fontanelles
What name is given to the spaces in compact bone that contain osteocytes?
Lacunae
To what group of bones does the temporal bone belong?
Cranial
What name is given to the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?
Endosteum
What type of cell builds bone tissue?
Osteoblasts
What is the type of cell that destroys bones?
Osteoclasts
What is the name for the immovable joint in the skull formed where skull bones fuse together?
Suture
What cranial bone has a shape that resembles a bat?
Sphenoid
What is the part of the bone that contains water, collagen, and minerals like calcium?
Matrix
What are th cells that develop into osteoblasts?
Osteogenic cells
What major division of the skeleton do the pectoral and pelvic girdles belong?
Appendicular
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
Support Protection Produced blood cells Movement Mineral homeostasis
