CHAPTER 6: SUPPOSITION & DEFINITION Flashcards
term with a definition and a specific meaning within a proposition
supposition
latin word ‘sub’ means
under
latin word ‘ponere’ means
to put, to place
science of meaning of words
semantics
science of sounds of words
phonetics
2 classifications os suppositions
proper supposition, formal supposition
meaning stands for the proper object in the real order
proper supposition
2 types of proper supposition
material and formal
stands for another thing other than what it suggests
improper supposition
understanding of a term by virtue of knowing also that which it is not
definition
term to be defined
definiendum
word or group of words used to define
definiens
states that all terms are defined by means of other terms
bertrand russell
purpose of definition
- to increase one’s vocabulary
- to minimize/eliminate ambiguity/ vagueness
- to set a theoretical framework
- to influence attitude
types of definition
nominal definition
real definition
different kinds of nominal definitions
- etymological def
- synonymous def
- def by description
- def by example
- def by illustration
- ostensive def
different kinds of real definition
essential def
mom-essential def
expresses what the name means, not what the thing is
nominal definition
definition that is derived from the meaning of the original word from which definiendum is derived
etymological definition
gives same connotation of the term
synonymous definition
explains the essential properties of the object represented by the defiendum
real definition
definition constructed by genus and specific difference
essential definition
gives more notable characteristics of a thing
non essential definition
rules of good definition
clarity, adequacy, positive, brief
