chapter 6: stress and stress management Flashcards
differences in response to a stressor can be based off ________ and ________ of stressor
duration
intensity
4 key personal characteristics that better the effects of stress
-resilience
-hardiness
-attitude
-being optimistic
the _____ ______ evaluates stressors in light of past experiences and future consequences
cerebral cortex
when ____ _____ system is stimulated it leads to wakefulness
reticular activating
when reticular activating system is stimulated it leads to ______
wakefulness
the _____ is central to the connection between the nervous and endocrine systems when responding to stress
hypothalamus
the _____ regulates the function of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the nervous system
hypothalamus
the hypothalamus regulates the function of both the _______ and _______ branches of the nervous system
sympathetic
parasympathetic
_______ have analgesic like effects and blunt pain perception during stress situations involving painful stimuli
endorphins
cortisol:
increases ____ ____ levels
potentiates the action of _______ on blood vessels
inhibits __________ response
blood glucose
catecholamines
inflammatory
2 pro-inflammatory mediators
cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
interleukin 1
__________ acts on temp regulatory center of hypothalamus and initiates the febrile response to infectious pathogens
interleukin 1
________ are shorter in people who are stressed and depressed
telomeres
the ____ system is an important mediator of behaviors and emotions
limbic
_______ response is the effect of catecholamines and the activation of the SNS
sympathoadrenal
____ and ___ prepare the body for the flight or flight response
epinephrine
norepinephrine
stress response involves increases in:
____ _____
____ _____ levels
_____ _____
______ rate
cardiac output
blood glucose levels
oxygen consumption
metabolic rate
stress affects immune function by:
decreasing number and function of _____ ____ ____
decreasing _____ proliferation
altering production of _____
decreasing phagocytosis by _____ and _______
natural killer cells
lymphocyte
cytokines
neutrophils and monocytes
_____-___ acts on temp regulatory center of hypothalamus
interleukin 1
_____-___ initiates the febrile response to infectious pathogens
interleukin 1
stress is linked to leading causes of death including (3)
cancer
suicide
accidents
long term exposure to catecholamines resulting from excessive activation of SNS may increase risk for(2)
atherosclerosis
hypertension
relaxation breathing involves primary use of the ____
diaphragm
music that contains approximately __-___ beats/min is considered soothing
60-80
___ can lower blood sugar especially if the pt is diabetic
ginseng
_____ pain can occur as part of the stress response
musculoskeletal
