Chapter 6: Self and Personality

Question 1

Independent View of Self

Answer 1

A model of the self in which identity is thought to come from inner attributes that reflect a unique essence of the individual and that remains stable across situations and across the lifespan

Question 2

Interdependent View of Self

Answer 2

A model of the self in which individuals are perceived not as separate and distinct entities but as participants in a larger social unit where identity is contingent upon key relationships with ingroup members

Question 3

Essentialized Gender

Answer 3

A gender identity that is believed to reflect an underlying and unchanging nature.

Question 4

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 4

The distressing feeling that accompanies the awareness that one is acting inconsistently.

Question 5

Subjective Self-Awareness

Answer 5

The feeling of how satisfied one is with one’s life.

Question 6

Objective-Self Awareness

Answer 6

A state of mind in which individuals consider how they appear to others and are conscious of being evaluated.

Question 7

Incremental Theory of Self

Answer 7

A view of the self in which a person’s abilities and traits are malleable and can be improved.

Question 8

Entity Theory of Self

Answer 8

A view of the self in which a person’s abilities and traits are largely innate features that the individual cannot change

Question 9

Five Factor Model of Personality

Answer 9

A model of five core traits underlying human personality, including the traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism

Question 10

Openness to Experience

Answer 10

A personality trait that reflects a person’s intelligence and curiosity about the world

Question 11

Concientiousness

Answer 11

A personality trait that indicates how responsible and dependent an individual is; part of the Five Factor Model of personality.

Question 12

Extraversion

Answer 12

A personality trait that indicates how active or dominant an individual is; party of the Five Factor Model of personality

Question 13

Agreeableness

Answer 13

A personality train that indicates how warm or pleasant and individual is; part of the Five Factor model of personality

Question 14

Neuroticism

Answer 14

A personality trait that indicates how emotionally unstable and unpredictable an individual is; part of the Five Factor model of personality