Chapter 6 Sacrum and Innominate Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

When do the 3 bones of the innominate fuse?

A

20 years old

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2
Q

Anterior portion of 1st segment (S1)?

A

Sacral promontory

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3
Q

Sacral base?

A

Top (most cephalad) part

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4
Q

In somatic dysfunctions, what can be recorded as shallow (posterior) or deep (anterior)?

A

Sacral base or sacral sulci

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5
Q

How can you record the sacral ILA’s?

A

Shallow (posterior), deep (anterior), superior or inferior

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6
Q

The SI joint is an inverted “L” joint with 2 arms converging anteriorly. Where do these arms join?

A

S2

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7
Q

2 types of pelvic ligaments/

A

True and accessory

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8
Q

True pelvic ligaments?

A

Anterior, posterior and interosseous SI ligaments

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9
Q

Accessory pelvic ligaments?

A

Sacrotuberous, sacrospinous, iliolumbar ligaments

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10
Q

What ligament divides the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrospinous ligament

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11
Q

Which ligament is the 1st to become painful in lumbosacral decompensation?

A

Iliolumbar ligament

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12
Q

Types of pelvic muscles?

A

Primary and secondary

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13
Q

Primary pelvic muscles?

A

Make up pelvic diaphragm–levator ani, coccygeus

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14
Q

Secondary pelvic muscles?

A

Iliopsoas, obturator internus, piriformis

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15
Q

Origin/insertion of piriformis?

A

ILA, greater trochanter

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16
Q

Action of piriformis?

A

Ext rot, extend thigh, abducts thigh with hip flexed

17
Q

Innervation of piriformis?

A

S1 and S2 nerve roots

18
Q

What are S/S of sciatica due to hypertonic piriformis?

A

Pain from buttock radiating down thigh but not past knee

19
Q

Axis upon innominates rotate?

A

Inferior transverse axis (S4)

20
Q

4 types of sacral motion?

A

1) Dynamic motion
2) Respiratory motion
3) Inherent (craniosacral) motion
4) Postural motion

21
Q

Location of transverse axis for resp and inherent motion of sacrum?

A

S2 (superior transverse axis)

22
Q

Craniosacral flexion induces what sacral motion?

A

Counternutates (rotates posterior)

23
Q

Craniosacral extension induces what sacral motion?

A

Nutation (rotates anterior)

24
Q

Axis during dynamic sacral motion (walking)?

A

Oblique axes

25
Q

Axis during postural motion?

A

Middle transverse axis (S3)

26
Q

When L5 is SB, what sacral axis is engaged and where?

A

Oblique axis on the same side as side bending

27
Q

When L5 is rotated, the sacrum rotates which way?

A

Opposite on an oblique axis

28
Q

Where is the seated flexion test positive in sacral SD?

A

Opposite the oblique axis

29
Q

B/l sacral flexion or extension move around what sacral axis?

A

Middle transverse

30
Q

What is a common sacral dysfunction in the postpartum patient?

A

B/l sacral flexion

31
Q

What axis does the sacrum rotate in a sacral margin posterior SD?

A

Mid-vertical or parasagittal

32
Q

What is treated first, L5 or sacrum?

A

L5