Chapter 3 Thorax and Ribcage Flashcards
T1-3 rule of 3’s?
SP is located at level of corresponding TP
T4-6 rule of 3’s?
SP is located one-half a sefment below the corresponding TP
T7-9 rule of 3’s?
SP is located at level of TP of vertebrae below
Follows same rules as T7-9?
T10
Follows same rules as T5-7?
T11
Follows same rules as T1-3?
T12
Spine of scapula is at what level?
T3
Inferior angle of scapula corresponds with what?
Spinous process of T7
Sternal notch is at what level?
T2
Sternal angle (angle of Louis) attaches to which rib and what level is it?
2nd rib, level of T4
What is the main motion of the thoracic spine?
Rotation
Upper and middle thoracic spine motion?
Rotation > flexion/extension > SB
Lower thoracic spine motion?
Flexion/extension > SB > rotation
Primary muscles of respiration?
Diaphragm, intercostals
Rib attachments for diaphragm?
Ribs 6-12 b/l
Vertebral attachments for diaphragm?
L1-3
Anterior attachment for diaphragm?
Xiphoid
Action of intercostal muscles?
Elevate ribs during inspiration and prevent retractions during inspiration
Secondary muscles of respiration?
Scalenes, pec minor, serratus anterior/posteiror, quadratus lumborum, latissimus dorsi
What makes a typical rib typical?
Contains Shaft, Head, Angle, Neck, Tubercle (SHANT)
What is the difference bt head and tubercle of rib?
Head–articulates with vertebra above and corresponding vertebra; tubercule–articulates with corresponding TP
Typical ribs?
3-10
Atypical ribs?
1, 2, 11, 12 (ribs with “1” and “2”), sometimes 10
Reason why rib 1 is atypical?
Articulates only with T1 and has no angle
Reason why rib 2 is atypical?
Has large tuberosity on shaft for serratus anterior
Reason why ribs 11 and 12 are atypical?
They articulate only with corresponding vertebrae and lack tubercles
Reason why rib 10 may be atypical?
May articulate only with T10
True ribs?
1-7 (attach to sternum thru costal cartilages)
False ribs?
8-12 (connected by its costal cartilage to the cartilage of the rib superior)
Floating ribs?
11, 12
Rib motions?
Pump handle, bucket handle, caliper
Move primarily in pump handle?
Ribs 1-5
Move primarily in bucket handle?
Ribs 6-10
Move primarily in caliper?
Ribs 11 and 12
Rib appears to be “held up”, will not move caudad?
Inhalation dysfunction
Rib appears “held down”, will not move cephalad?
Exhalation dysfunction
Rib elevated anteriorly?
Pump handle inhalation dysfunction (depressed anteriorly for exhalation dysfunction)
Rib elevated laterally?
Bucket handle inhalation dysfunction (depressed laterally for exhalation dysfunction)
Anterior narrowing of intercostal space above dysfunctional rib?
Pump handle inhalation dysfunction (opposite for exhalation dysfunction)
Lateral narrowing of intercostal space above dysfunctional rib?
Bucket handle inhalation dysfunction (opposite for exhalation dysfunction)
Superior edge of posterior rib angle is prominent?
Pump handle inhalation dysfunction (opposite for exhalation dysfunction)
Lower edge of rib shaft is prominent?
Bucket handle inhalation dysfunction
What is the key rib responsible for group inhalation dysfunctions?
Lowest rib
What is the key rib responsible for group exhalation dysfunction?
Uppermost rib
Where is tx directed for a group dysfunction?
Key rib
