Chapter 6 Review Flashcards
Evidence from a living thing from long ago is preserved as a ____________
Fossil
Many fossils are found preserved in _________ rocks
Sedimentary
Fossils also form in spaces left in rock by dead organisms. These spaces are called _____. Minerals fill the spaces, forming fossils called _______.
Molds; Casts
Some fossils are formed when an organism such as a leaf is pressed into a soft surface, leaving a ______.
Imprint
An entire organism can be preserved, such as an insect trapped in _______ or a mammoth trapped in ______
Ice
Fossils tell how Earth’s land, ________, and living things have changed over time.
Climates
Fossils and layers of rock are evidence of changes that took place over long spans of _______ time.
Geologic
Something that can supply ______ is a fuel.
Energy
Fuel that is made from the remains of ancient living things is a ___________ _______
Fossil fuel.
Fossil fuels form from the remains of buried _______ and _______.
Plant and animals
SOIL: If you look at soil with a hand will find small pieces of rocks, minerals and ______
Humus
You might not see them, but soil is made up of _____, air, and _______ _______ as well.
Living things
When plants and animals die, ________ and fungi decompose them.
Bacteria
All the layers of the soil, from Earth’s surface down to the bedrock, are shown in a _____ ______ .
Soil profile.
The different layers a soil profile are called _______ and include topsoil, ________ and weathered _______
Subsoil; Bedrock
The property of soil that refers to the size of soil particles is called _______. Clay is fine with small particles and sandy soil is _____ with large particles.
Texture; course.
Other properties of soil are color and _________ which indicates how how easily _________ passes through soil.
Permeability; water
The spaces between the particles in soil, called pore spaces, determine how ______ the soil is.
Porous
Soil that is permeable to air and _____ will allow living things to survive.
Water
If the soil does not hold enough water, crop plants can ___ __. If the soil holds too much water, then crop plants can _____.
Dry up; drown.
Nonliving, natural substances that make up rocks are called _______
Minerals
Minerals can be identified by their __________: color, _______, luster and streak.
Properties; hardness
Minerals are the building blocks of _____.
Rocks
Minerals offer clues about how a rock _____.
Forms
A rock that forms from melted rock is _______ rock.
Igneous
Melted rock, called _____, cools and hardens to form igneous rock.
Magma
Igneous rocks are classified by how quickly they ____ and the size of the mineral grains that form.
Cool
Layers of substances are pressed and cemented together to form ___________ rock.
Sedimentary
Scientists impart the position of layered rocks to find a rock’s _______ age.
Relative
A rock layer and any ______ in that rock a have the same relative age.
Fossil.
