Chapter 6: Reproductive System Concerns

Question 1

Absence of menses by the age of 15 with normal growth and development.

Answer 1

Primary Amenorrhea

Question 2

Absence of menses within 5 years of breast development, or 6 months after menarche.

Answer 2

Secondary Amenorrhea

Question 3

Causes of Amenorrhea

Answer 3

pregnancy
endocrine disorders

Question 4

female athlete triad

Answer 4

eating disorders
osteoporosis
decreased estrogen
(r/t training too hard and poor nutrition)

Question 5

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 5

Pain during or shortly before menstruation, often overlooked and dismissed.

Question 6

Primary Dysmenorrhea

Answer 6

caused by the excessive release of prostaglandinsj

Question 7

Mitigates prostaglandin systhesis

Answer 7

NSAIDs

Question 8

Associated with pelvic fibroids

Answer 8

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

Question 9

Dysmenorrhea treatments

Answer 9

Heating pad
Exercise
Relaxation techniques
low sodium diet
natural diuretics
low fat diet
vitamin E supplementation
NSAIDs

Question 10

An excessive amount of bleeding

Answer 10

Menorrhagia

Question 11

PMDD

Answer 11

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
more sever than PMS

Question 12

stigmatized as normal for females

Answer 12

PMS

Question 13

presents as psychological, physical, and behavioral symptoms

Answer 13

PMS

Question 14

PMS s/sx

Answer 14

Fluid retention
Pelvic fulness
Breast tenderness
Weight gain
Depression
Irritability
Impaired concentration
Cravings
HA
Fatigue
Stigmatized, varying s/sx.

Question 15

treatment of PMS/PMDD

Answer 15

treat the symptoms
Diet modification; low sodium
Exercise
Smoking cessation
Evening primrose oil – essential fatty acid that converts to a precursor to PGs
Relaxation
Calcium/magnesium
Vitamin B6 – nerves, irritability, concentration
Vitamin D3 – mood booster

Question 16

Growth of tissue outside of the uterus

Answer 16

endometriosis

Question 17

Dysmenorrhea
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Painful intercourse
Infertility

Answer 17

S/sx of endometriosis

Question 18

Cure for enometriosis

Answer 18

total hysterectomy

Question 19

Can take 6-12 months to decrease the number of adhesions in endometriosis

Answer 19

OCPs (Oral Contraceptive Pills)

Question 20

menses without ovulation

Answer 20

anovulation

Question 21

Age for menarche

Answer 21

13

Question 22

Vasomotor instability

Answer 22

hot flash

Question 23

Anovulation
Menstrual cycle longer than 28 days (weeks to months longer)
decreased progesterone
elevated FSH

Answer 23

s/sx of menopause

Question 24

genital changes in menopause

Answer 24

atrophy of vagina and vulva

Question 25

Health risk of menopause

Answer 25

Osteoporosis r/t loss of estrogen
coronary heart disease r/t changes in hormones that alter metabolism of lipids

Question 26

increases the risk of breast cancer even 5 years after stopping treatment

Answer 26

Menopausal hormonal therapy

Question 27

side effects of Menopausal Hormonal Therapy

Answer 27

HA, depression, brown spots on the skin. Personal history of breast cancer are also increased risk of getting breast cancer.

Question 28

Treatment for vasomotor instability

Answer 28

SSRIs, gabapentin

Question 29

alternative treatment for hot flashes

Answer 29

vitamin E or soy

Question 30

A woman complains of severe abdominal and pelvic pain around the time of menstruation that has gotten worse over the last 5 years. She also complains of pain during intercourse and has tried unsuccessfully to get pregnant for the past 18 months. These symptoms are most likely related to:

A) Endometriosis
B) Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
C) Primary dysmenorrhea
D) Secondary dysmenorrhea

Answer 30

Endometriosis – the longer they go without treatment increases the risk for infertility. The adhesions have a direct impact on infertility