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OSCM 306 > Chapter 6: Process Selection and Facility Layout > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Process Selection and Facility Layout Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to deciding on the way production of goods or services will be organized.

A

Process Selection

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2
Q

The mix of equipment and labor that will be used by the organization.

A

Capital Intensity

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3
Q

The degree to which the system can be adjusted to changes in processing requirements due to various factors.

A

Process Flexibility

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4
Q

Methods, procedures, and equipment used to produce goods and provide services.

A

Process Technology

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5
Q

The science and use of computers and other electronic equipment to store, process, and send information.

A

Information Technology

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6
Q

Machinery that has sensing and control devices that enable it to operate automatically.

A

Automation

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7
Q

Involves the use of high-cost, general-purpose equipment controlled by a computer program that provides both the sequence of operations and specific details about each operation.

A

Programmable Automation

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8
Q

The use of computers in process control, ranging from robots to automated quality control.

A

Computer-Aided Manufacturing

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9
Q

Machines that perform operations by following mathematical processing instructions.

A

Numerically Controlled Machines

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10
Q

A machine consisting of a mechanical arm, a power supply, and a controller.

A

Robot

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11
Q

Evolved from programmable automation. It uses equipment that is more customized than that of programmable automation.

A

Flexible Automation

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12
Q

A group of machines designed to handle intermittent processing requirements and produce a variety of similar products.

A

Flexible Manufacturing System

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13
Q

A system for linking a broad range of manufacturing activities through an integrated computer system.

A

Computer Integrated Manufacturing

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14
Q

The configuration of departments, work centers, and equipment, with particular emphasis on movement of work (customers or materials) through the system.

A

Layout

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15
Q

Layout that uses standardized processing operations to achieve smooth, rapid, high-volume flow.

A

Product Layout

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16
Q

Layout that can handle varied processing requirements.

A

Process Layout

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17
Q

Layout in which the product or project remains stationary, and workers, materials, and equipment are moved as needed.

A

Fixed-Position Layout

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18
Q

An operational environment that uses a combination of the three basic layout types.

A

Combination Layout

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19
Q

Layout in which workstations are grouped into a cell that can process items that have similar processing requirements.

A

Cellular Layout

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20
Q

The grouping into part families of items with similar design or manufacturing characteristics.

A

Group Technology

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21
Q

The process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements.

A

Line Balancing

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22
Q

The maximum time allowed at each workstation to complete its set of tasks on a unit.

A

Cycle Time

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23
Q

Cycle Time Formula

A

Operating Time per Day/Desired Output Rate

24
Q

Output Rate Formula

A

Operating Time per day/Cycle Time

25
Q

Theoretical Minimum number of Stations Formula

A

Sum of Task Times/Cycle Time

26
Q

A diagram that shows elemental tasks and their precedence requirements.

A

Precedence Diagram

27
Q

Percentage of idle time of a line

A

Balance Delay

28
Q

Balance Delay Formula

A

((Idle Time per cycle)/(actual number of stations * cycle time)) * 100

29
Q

Percentage of busy time of a line

A

Efficiency

30
Q

Efficiency Formula

A

100% - Balance Delay

31
Q

Used when a moderate volume of goods or services is desired, and it can handle a moderate variety in products or services.

A

Batch Processing

32
Q

System used when a very high volume of nondiscrete, highly standardized output is desired.

A

Continuous System

33
Q

A nonrepetitive set of activities directed toward a unique goal within a limited time frame.

A

Project

34
Q

Linking key product or service requirements to process capabilities.

A

Product or Service Profiling

35
Q

The discovery and development of new or improved products, services, or processes for producing or providing them.

A

Technological Innovation

36
Q

The application of scientific discoveries to the development and improvement of products and services and operations processes.

A

Technology

37
Q

The most advanced and developed equipment and/or methods.

A

High Technology

38
Q

Includes methods, procedures, and equipment used to produce goods and provide services.

A

Process Technology

39
Q

The science and use of computers and other electronic equipment to store, process, and send information.

A

Information Technology

40
Q

Machinery that has sensing and control devices that enable it to operate automatically.

A

Automation

41
Q

Has very little or no variety.

A

Standardized

42
Q

The least flexible type of automation. It uses high-cost, specialized equipment for a fixed sequence of operations.

A

Fixed Automation

43
Q

Automation that involves the use of high-cost, general-purpose equipment controlled by a computer program that provides both the sequence of operations and specific details about each operation.

A

Programmable Automation

44
Q

The use of computers in process control.

A

Computer-Aided-Manufacturing

45
Q

Machines that perform operations by following mathematical processing instructions.

A

Numerically Controlled Machines

46
Q

A group of machines designed to handle intermittent processing requirements and produce a variety of similar products.

A

Flexible Manufacturing System

47
Q

A system for linking a broad range of manufacturing activities through an integrating computer system.

A

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing

48
Q

A process that creates a three-dimensional object by adding successive layers of material.

A

3D Printing

49
Q

Standardized layout arranged according to a fixed sequence of production tasks.

A

Production Line

50
Q

Periodic inspection and replacement of worn parts or those with high failure rates.

A

Preventive Maintenance

51
Q

Nonrepetitive processing.

A

Intermittent Processing

52
Q

Process type used when a low volume of high-variety goods are produced with a relatively high degree of flexibility in operation.

A

Job Shop

53
Q

The first of four steps of line balancing.

A

Determine tasks by checking precedence diagram.

54
Q

The second of four steps of line balancing.

A

Seeing which eligible tasks will fit in the remaining workstation time.

55
Q

The third of four steps of line balancing.

A

Applying rules like “most following tasks” to narrow the choices.

56
Q

The final of four steps of line balancing.

A

Narrowing choices further to final decision.

OSCM 306 (5 decks)

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