Chapter 6 - Plant Body [Stem] Flashcards
Learn about the Plant body. [Stem]
(enumeration) Functions of Stem
Produces & support appendages of plant, Transport water and solutes, photosynthetic in some plants, produce & store materials necessary for life
(identification) First stem of a plant develops from part of a seed embryo called _________.
Epicotyl, continuation of Hypocotyl
(T/F) Internodes is the place where the leaves and buds are attached.
False, Nodes. Internodes is the portion between any two adjacent nodes.
(identification) Modified leaf that cover the buds during winter season
Scales
(identification) an unelongated stem constituting of short internodes and immature leaves and protected by a bud scale.
Bud
(identification) Found in the apex/tip of the stem
Terminal bud
(identification) found in the nodal section where the leaves are attached
Lateral bud
(identification) buds arising from the stems, roots or leaves.
Adventitious buds
(identification) formed below the lateral buds when the leaf detach
Leaf scars
(identification) Angle made by the leaf stalk and the stem from which the buds are formed.
Leaf axil
(enumeration) Kinds of Buds [Based on the organs produced]
Leaf buds - Stems and leaves
Flower buds - Flowers only
Mixed buds - both leaves ang Flowers
(enumeration) Kinds of Buds [Based on the Arrangement on the Stems]
Alternate, Opposite and Whorled
(T/F) Meristems - The development and differentiation in plants take place
True
(enumeration) 3 Primary Meristems
Protoderm, Ground Meristems and Procambium (Naulit na)
(enumeration) 3 Primary Tissues
Epidermis, Ground Tissue, Vascular Tissue.
(T/F) Primary Phloem - Sieve tube members, companion cells, fibers, sclereids and parenchyma.
True
(T/F) Primary Xylem - Tracheids and Vessel elements
True
(identification) refers to the suppression of growth by hormones produced in the apical Meristems
Apical dominance
(T/F) Reduce evaporation, gas exchange - Epidermis
True
(T/F) Photosynthesis, Collenchyma support - Pith
False, Cortex.
(T/F) Water storage, defense, disintegrate - Cortex
False, Pith.
(T/F) Conduction - Vascular Bundles
True
(T/F) Support - Phloem Fibers
True
(T/F) Conduct CH2O into the leaf - Functional Phloem
False, Away from the leaf
(T/F) Adds .2° Xylem and .2° Phloem - Vascular Cambium
False, 2°.
(T/F) Xylem conducts minerals up from soil to center.
True
(identification) Scientific name of Grape
Vitis Vinifera
(identification) The ________ cells build up to for a thick layer for the bark of a tree.
Cork
(enumeration) Bark has..
Epidermis, Periderm, Cortex, Phloem, Vascular Cambium
(enumeration) Wood has..
Secondary Xylem only!
(enumeration) Pith has..
A small percentage of tree diameter at maturity. Hmm.
(identification) Scientific name of Giant Sequoia
Sequoia Sempervirens
(identification) Scientific name of White Pine.
Pinus Strobus
(identification) Study of growth rings in wood.
Dendrochronology
(identification) Scientific name of Bermuda grass.
Cynodon Dactylon
(identification) Horizontal stem that grow above the ground with long Internodes
Stolons or Runners
(T/F) Spider plant - Chlorophytum
True
(T/F) Rhizomes - Nephrolepsis
False, Fern.
(T/F) Fern are stems that grows above the ground with adventitious roots.
False, Rhizomes.
(T/F) Tubers - Swollen regions of stems that store food of subsequent growth.
True
(identification) Scientific name of Irish Potatoes
Solanum Tuberosum
(T/F) Rosette - Stem with long Internodes and leaves attached.
False, Long Internodes.
(identification) large buds with a small stem at the lower end.
Bulbs
(identification) resemble bulbs but composed entirely of stem tissue.
Corms
(identification) leaf-like stems modified for photosynthesis
Cladophyll or cladodes
(identification) stout fleshy stems that are modified for water and food storage
Succulent stems
(identification) For protection from grazing animals
Thorns
(identification) for support
Tendrils
(identification) powered by transpiration of water from the leaves
Root pressure
(identification) water is pulled up from the roots due to adhesion of water to the xylem walls and tension generated by the water potential gradient between leaves and xylem.
Transpiration pull and water cohesion
(enumeration) Other contributing factors of conduction of materials by xylem.
Atmospheric pressure, action of living cells, imbibition in cell walls of xylem.
(enumeration) Hypothesis of Phloem function.
Cytoplasmic streaming, movement through interface, pressure flow or mass flow.
(T/F) Transpiration - Cohesion hypothesis for water movement.
True
